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13th Amendment Issue - Mandatory Volunteerism13th Amendment Issue - Mandatory Volunteerism
"Charities and nonprofits ....across the country provide needed services to Americans in a way that government never could. The Democrat-led Conference Committee made a mistake in striking my common sense, bipartisan amendment. ...People do not donate to charities for a tax break, but reducing the deduction will certainly decrease the amount of money available to the charities, nonprofits, and religious organizations that are doing such great work in the face of economic hardship. The Democrat leadership in Congress has prepared a budget that clearly sends the wrong message to those who serve individuals in need, and to those who rely on charitable giving."
—John Thune, U.S. Senator [R, SD]
Source:
Thune Amendment Protecting Charitable
Deduction Stripped from Democrat Budget John Thune United States Senator South Dakota, April 29, 2009 [H.R. 1388] TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/den5gx / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/den5gx "Senator John Thune applauded today's 94 to 3 vote on his amendment to the Democrat budget that would protect the full federal income tax deduction for charitable giving. President Obama's budget framework had proposed reducing the deduction, which would result in less charitable giving nationwide."
Source:
Senate Passes Thune Amendment to
Protect Deduction for Charitable Giving John Thune United States Senator South Dakota, April 2, 2009 [ H.R. 1388 ] TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/cjqadn / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/cjqadn "National service programs would also bring churches and traditional charitable organizations under the heel of government...”
Source:
Obama Signs Sweeping National Service Bill
By Thomas R. Eddlem (New American Magazine, 04/22/2009) http://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/election/1030 At Uncle Sam's Service
By Patrick Krey (New American Magazine, 01/23/2009) http://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/election/709 Any Volunteers for National Service?
By Patrick Krey (New American Magazine, 01/22/2009) http://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/election/708 "GIVE Act, H.R. 1388 ....massively expands the National Service Corporation and allocates to it billions of dollars, and one executive for the program now says it will allow for the 'managing' of up to 8 or 9 million people."
Source:
New law to 'manage' 8 million 'volunteers'
Obama signs huge expansion of youth brigades legislation By Bob Unruh (WorldNetDaily, 04/21/2009) http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=95674 "The Declaration... lists 'liberty' as an unalienable right conferred by 'the Creator'...the president and the Congress need to be reminded that the 13th Amendment to the Constitution declares: 'Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude … shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.'"
Source:
Onward, mandatory soldiers!
By Michael P. Ackley (WorldNetDaily, 04/13/2009) [ HR 1444 / HR 1388 ] http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php/index.php?pageId=94751 "HR 1388, the “Serve America Act” is cloaked in feel-good rhetoric and supposedly noble goals, but it is nothing more than another Washington power-grab..."
Source:
Promoting Statism in the Name of Service - Part 1
Redstate, posted by hogan, 03/25/2009 - Serve America Act HR 1388 http://www.redstate.com/hogan/2009/03/25/promoting-statism-in-the-name-of-service National Service - Soviet Style - Part II Redstate, posted by hogan, 03/25/2009 - Serve America Act HR 1388 http://www.redstate.com/hogan/2009/03/25/national-service-soviet-style-part-ii-in-a-series-that-you-cant-possibly-make-up "National service, in some form, has been endorsed by every U.S. president since George Bush the Elder. But none has promoted it as insistently as Barack Obama."
Source:
National Service" and Conscription: A Question of Ownership
By William Norman Grigg (Campaign For Liberty, 02/11/2009) http://www.campaignforliberty.com/article.php?view=11 Campaign For Liberty Mission: to promote and defend the great American principles of individual liberty, constitutional government ... http://www.campaignforliberty.com Listen:
Worldview Matters with Brannon Howse: Obama's volunteerism
Brannon Howse, President ofWorldview Weekend (Worldview Radio, April 23, 2009 - Download MP3)
[ Transcript: http://www.worldviewtimes.com/article.php/articleid-4768/Brannon-Howse/Brannon-Howse/) http://www.worldviewradio.com/episode.php?EpisodeID=11801 Watch:
Raw Video: Obama Signs National Service Bill
YouTube: AssociatedPress, April '09 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bw7efheujxA DeMint Expresses Concern About the GIVE Act YouTube: SenJimDeMint, April '09 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lJp4-QwHZA Senator John Thune Introduces
Charitable Giving Amendment YouTube: JohnThune, March 2009 [H.R. 1388] http://www.youtube.com/user/JohnThune Research:
Remarks by The President
At Signing of The Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act Office of the Press Secrectary, Apr. 21, 2009 http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-by-the-President-at-Signing-of-the-Edward-M-Kennedy-Serve-America-Act/ GovTrack: H.R. 1388: Generations Invigorating Volunteerism and Education Act
bill entitled "The Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act, an Act to reauthorize and reform the national service laws. Apr 21, 2009: Became Public Law No: 111-13. http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-1388 Open Congress: H.R.1388 - Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act
The Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act (formally the Generations Invigorating Volunteerism and Education (GIVE) Act) Sponsor: Rep. Carolyn McCarthy [D, NY-4] Bill Has Become Law, April 21, 2009 http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1388/show GovTrack: H.R. 1444 - Congressional Commission on Civic Service Act
To establish the Congressional Commission on Civic Service to study methods of improving and promoting volunteerism and national service, and for other purposes. Sponsor: Rep. James McDermott [D-WA] http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-1444 Open Congress: H.R. 1444 - Congressional Commission on Civic Service Act
Sponsor Rep. James McDermott [D, WA-7] Introduced March 11, 2009 http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1444/show Related Truth Point Post:
Ron Paul on the 13th Amendment - Involuntary Servitude...the Draft
[ Read: Ron Paul Statement in Opposition to HR 1388 - National Service, '09 also Legislation focuses on individual liberty (Americorps program), '97 http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3497.entry .
Research - U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'Research - United States National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'
U.S. Code: Title 36, Patriotic Societies and Observances
Chapter 3 - National Anthem, Motto... (United States Code Office of the Law Revision Counsel Official site from the US House of Representatives) http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/36C3.txt U.S. Treasury: History of "In God We Trust"
U.S. Department of the Treasury - Fact Sheet http://www.ustreas.gov/education/fact-sheets/currency/in-god-we-trust.shtml U.S Mint: Timeline of the United States Mint
U.S. Department of the Treasury http://www.usmint.gov/historianscorner/index.cfm?action=timeline This Day In History: July 30, 1956
President Eisenhower signs “In God We Trust” into law - P.L. 84-140 http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=799 Secretary Salmon P. Chase Responsible for
"In God We Trust" on Coins/Currency (Christian Coalition of America, 2008) http://www.cc.org/blog/secretary_salmon_p_chase_responsible_quotin_god_we_trustquot_coinscurrency Restoring America: Understanding the Design
and Symbolism of the U.S. One Dollar Bill http://www.restoringamerica.org/the_dollar_bill.htm Arkansas Memory Project by Aaron Martin: "In God We Trust"
Arkansas School for Mathematics and Sciences http://asms.k12.ar.us/armem/martin/index.htm ACLJ: A Legislative History of the National Motto
American Center for Law and Justice http://www.aclj.org/News/Read.aspx?ID=489 'In God We Trust’ Celebrates 50 Years
Our national motto’s history spans some 150 years. By Sarah Kuziomko (Concerned Women for America, 2006) http://www.cwfa.org/articles/11011/CWA/misc/index.htm Star Spangled Presidents
By Helen Kampion (Our White House, National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance) http://www.ourwhitehouse.org/starspangled.html The Star-Spangled Banner
(BlogSpot: Fourth of July History and Traditions, '07) [ National Anthem Congressional resolution March 3 1931 (46 Stat. 1508, codified at 36 USC §301) ] http://historyindependenceday.blogspot.com/2007/12/star-spangled-banner.html Home of the Brave 'Star-Spangled Banner'
(WordPress: What's New at the Internet Archive, '09) http://internetarchive.wordpress.com/2009/03/03/home-of-the-brave Related Post:
Truth Point: 1st Amendment - U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3413.entry . 1st Amendment Case - Salazar v. Buono - Mojave Desert Cross1st Amendment U.S. Supreme Case Salazar v. Buono
Mojave Cross Veterans Memorial "The Supreme Court has agreed to decide whether an 8-foot cross in the Mojave National Preserve is an unconstitutional governmental endorsement of religion."
Read:
On The Docket U.S. Supreme Court News: Salazar v. Buono
[ In Feb. 2009 - the Supreme Court accepted the case for review. The court will hear oral arguments in the fall. ]
http://onthedocket.org/cases/2008/salazar-v-buono Source:
Justices agree to hear Mojave Desert cross case (Feb. 23, 2009)
Case Reference: Salazar v. Buono On The Docket U.S. Supreme Court News http://onthedocket.org/articles/2009/02/23/justices-agree-hear-mojave-desert-cross-case-feb-23-2009 Read:
9th Circuit Court of Appeals '08: Buono v. Kempthorne - No. 05-55852
(WordPress: Ninth Circuit Opinions, Civil against the United States, 05/14/2008) http://www.ninthcircuitopinions.com/2008/05/14/buono-v-kempthorne-2 9th Circuit Court of Appeals '07: Buono v. Kempthorne - No. 05-55852
(WordPress: Ninth Circuit Opinions, Civil against the United States, 09/06/2007) http://www.ninthcircuitopinions.com/2007/09/06/buono-v-kempthorne 08': In the Supreme Court of the United States No. 08-472
Dirk Kempthorne, Secretary of the Interior, et al., Petitioners v. Frank Buono On Petition for a writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Petition For A Writ of Certiorari Gregory G. Garre Solicitor General Counsel of Record Ronald J. Tenpas Assistant Attorney General Daryl Josseffer Assistant to the Solicitor General Kathryn E. Kovacs Attorney Department of Justice DAVID L Bernhardt Solicitor Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. (United States Department of Justice, Office of the Solicitor General) http://www.usdoj.gov/osg/briefs/2008/2pet/7pet/2008-0472.pet.aa.html April 2007: United States Court of Appeals For The Ninth Circuit
Frank Bunon, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Dirk Kempthorn, Secretary of the Interior, in his official capacity; Jonathan B, Jarvis, Regional Director,
Pacific West Region, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, in his official capacity; Dennis Schramm, Superintendent, Mojave National
Prevere, National Park Sevice, Department of thr Interior,
in his official capacity, Defendants-Appellants No. 05-55852 D.C. No. CV-01-00216-RT Order Amending Opinion and Amended Opinion Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California
Robert J. Timlin, Senior Judge, Persiding [ Argued and Submitted April 9, 2007 --- Pasadena, California Dirk Kempthorne is substituted for his predecessor Gail Norton as Secretary of the Department of the Interior. Dennis Schramn is substituted for his predecessor Mary Martin as the Superintendent of the Mojave National Preserve. *** Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2). 549 3***] [Google html version - Findlaw http://caselaw.findlaw.com/data2/circs/9th/0555852P.pdf/] TinyURL http://tinyurl.com/d9h4ge / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/d9h4ge “The ACLU and 9th Circuit Court seem determined to remove a war memorial that has been in place for over 75 years ... This is another example of the judiciary over-stepping its authority by attempting to usurp and thwart the legislative process.... The ACLU will not be satisfied with the removal of this one memorial... If the [ Mojave Desert Veterans Memorial ] Ninth Circuit’s decision is allowed to stand, countless other similar veterans memorials will be endangered.”
—Glen Gardner, Veterans of Foreign Wars National Commander
http://www.vfw.org/index.cfm?fa=news.newsDtl&did=4673 "In 1934, the VFW erected a small wooden cross and plaque in what is now the Mojave National Preserve...The memorial was struck down by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals as a violation of the US Constitution, prompting the government to cover the memorial with a large plywood box."
Source:
VFW Hopes Supreme Court Saves Mojave Desert Salazar v. Buono
(Veterans of Foreign Wars - News, 02/27/2009) [ U.S. Supreme Court announced 2009 it will hear case regarding Mojave Desert Cross, veterans’ memorial erected by VFW in 1934.] http://www.vfw.org/index.cfm?fa=news.newsDtl&did=4939&tok=1 Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
Mission is to "honor the dead by helping the living' through veterans' service, community service, national security and a strong national defense. http://www.vfw.org "The Supreme Court announced [ 02/2009 ] that it will hear the case [Salazar v. Buono] regarding the Mojave Desert cross ...The American Legion and other veterans groups said the 9th Circuit's ruling could trigger legal challenges to the display of crosses at Arlington National Cemetery and elsewhere."
Source:
Supreme Court to Hear Mojave Desert Cross case
(American Legion Online Update, 02/26/2009) http://www.legion.org/onlineupdate/2519/supreme-court-hear-mojave-desert-cross-case The Mojave Desert Cross "... right now is covered in plywood, so no one can see it...it's our hope that we can get a victory here and the plywood will be removed, and we can get back to honoring our veterans..."
—Kelly Shackelford, Chief Counsel of the Liberty Legal Institute
(Supreme Court to decide dispute over cross in Mojave By Charlie Butts and Jody Brown, OneNewsNow, 02/25/2009)
2009 "The Supreme Court announced today that it will hear the case regarding the Mojave Desert Cross ... In...2008, Liberty Legal Institute filed an amicus brief asking for certiorari on behalf of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (VFW), The American Legion, the Military Order of the Purple Heart (MOPH), Veterans of Foreign Wars Department of California, and American Ex-Prisoners of War (AXPOW). The VFW erected the memorial and originally owned the land on which the memorial sits, and had donated it to the government in 1934. The ACLU sued for removal of the veterans' memorial on the grounds that it is unconstitutional, and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals agreed and ordered the memorial and cross dismantled. ... The fate of the Mojave Desert Cross is just one of the trends of hostility toward veterans' memorials."
Read:
No. 08-472 In the Supreme Court of the United States
Dirk Kempthorne, Secretary of the Interior, et al., Petitioners, v. Franks Buono On Petition For A Writ Of Certiorari To The United States Court Of Appeals For The Ninth Circuit Brief Amici Curiae of Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States; The American Legion; Military Order of the Purple Heart; Veterans of Foreign Wars Department of California; American Ex-Prisoners of War in Support of Petitioners (Liberty Legal Institute - PDF) <http://libertylegal.org/Img/LLI%20amici%20brief.pdf/> Source:
U.S. Supreme Court Accepts Mojave Desert Cross Case
Veterans Hope Court Saves War Memorial (PRNewswire-USNewswire,[ redOrbit ] Liberty Legal Institute, 02/23/2009) http://news.prnewswire.com/ViewContent.aspx?ACCT=109&STORY=/www/story/02-23-2009/0004976857 Liberty Legal Institute
Protecting religious freedoms and First Amendment rights for individuals, groups and churches http://www.libertylegal.org "The Salazar v. Buono (Mojave Cross Veterans Memorial) Supreme Court Case "...could reshape the doctrine of separation of church and state... In the last two decades, the justices have been closely divided on whether religious symbols...can be displayed on public property."
Source:
Supreme Court to hear Mojave Cross Case Dedicated to Fallen Soldiers By David G. Savage (Veterans Today Network - Special Report, 02/24/2009) http://www.veteranstoday.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=4956 "Supporters of the [ Mojave Cross Veterans Memorial ] -- including the VFW, the American Legion and other veterans’ groups -- argue in a brief that a decision allowing removal of the cross would endanger other religious symbols on federal property, such as grave markers in national cemeteries."
Source:
Supreme Court agrees to hear case involving cross on federal land
By Robert Marus (Associated Baptist Press, 02/23/2009) http://www.abpnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3868&Itemid=53 "War veteran organizations are watching the Mojave case and the Utah [ Pleasant Grove City v. Summum - 10 Commandments monument ] case closely, believing they could impact war memorials nationwide."
Source:
U.S. Supreme Court to hear war memorial cross case
By Staff (Baptist Messenger of Oklahoma, 02/23/2009) http://www.baptistmessenger.com/story/946CA89B7E916A5592F9FDA889A2F8E8 "...The Mojave Desert WWI Veterans Memorial Case in California is a very dangerous precedent: There are 9,000 Crosses and Stars of David at Normandy Beach. There are 22 National Cemeteries with veterans at rest beneath religious symbols."
Source:
American Legion PERA 2007 Speech [PDF]
[ Veterans’ Memorials, Boy Scouts, Public Seals, and Other Public Expressions of Religion Protection Act of 2007 ] [Google html versions of document <http://www.legion.org/documents/legion/word/pera_speech.doc/>] (http://www.legion.org/documents/legion/word/pera_speech.doc) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/cmv9mp / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/cmv9mp "... The First Amendment...says Congress shall pass no law ‘prohibiting the free exercise’ of religion. The cross is an important symbol to millions of veterans, some of whom had to make the ultimate sacrifice for this nation. ...Today’s lawyers and judges are outlawing the values and religious symbols that the Founding Fathers revered and proclaimed as the very foundation of the American republic...Today it’s a memorial. Tomorrow, these same judges can order the removal of crosses on veterans gravestones, the dismissal of military chaplains and the closure of base chapels.”
—Marty Conatser, American Legion National Commander (2007-08) Source:
American Legion Blasts 9th Circuit's Cross Ban
(OURVOICE, American Legion, 09/10/2007) [ Mojave Desert veterans memorial the beginning
of the 'slippery slope of extreme secularism' ]
http://ourvoice.legion.org/story/116/american-legion-blasts-9th-circuits-cross-ban "In the Mojave Desert Veterans Memorial Case, a solitary cross, erected on a rock outcrop 11 miles off the road in the desert by veterans in 1934 to honor World War I veterans, has been declared to be an unconstitutional violation of the Establishment Clause because in 1994 it was incorporated into the Mojave Desert Preserve.
Although Congress passed legislation originally sponsored by Rep. Jerry Lewis, my Representative in California, to transfer the one-acre Mojave Desert Veterans Memorial to private parties, veterans, in exchange for five acres of private land, the Federal judge, on motion of the ACLU, nullified the act of Congress, finding its action violates the Establishment Clause, and ordered the Executive Branch to tear down the Cross. That case is on appeal. ...and all veterans' memorials -- deserve to be defended, and The American Legion is ready and able to do so."
—Mr. Rees Lloyd, Commander of Dist. 21, American Legion Department of California, '06
Source:
Statement of Rees LLoyd, Commander
District 21, Department of California The American Legion - Before The Subcommittee of The Constitution, Civil Rights, And Property Rights Committee on The Judiciary - United States Senate on S. 3696, Veternas Memorial, Boy Scouts, Pubic Seals And Other Public Expressions Of Religion Act of 2006 ('PERA') Aug. 2, 2006 http://judiciary.senate.gov/hearings/testimony.cfm?id=2030&wit_id=5796 “It is a terrible shame that the Ninth Circuit has determined that it is not possible to honor our veterans if the shape of the memorial happens to be a cross, and that a historic monument placed by veterans has no legal standing when attacked by the ACLU...The court’s support of this attack on memorials could have serious consequences for the thousands of monuments to veterans at our historic battlefields across the nation.”
—Congressman Jerry Lewis (R-CA)
Source:
Ninth Circuit Erred in Attacking Mojave
Cross Veterans Memorial, Lewis Believes (Congressman Jerry Lewis California's 41st District, 09/07/2007) http://www.house.gov/jerrylewis/september72007.html “The agenda of one person claiming to be ‘offended’ shouldn’t diminish the sacrifice made by America’s veterans and their families ... Crosses on veterans’ memorials have been under attack, despite claims to the contrary by the ACLU and others. One only needs to look to what’s happened with the memorials at Mt. Soledad and in the Mojave Desert to see this. The statements made by atheist groups that they will go after more crosses if the ACLU’s legal efforts are successful further expose this reality.”
—Doug Napier, Alliance Defense Fund Senior Counsel
(Focus on the Family to feature ADF-American Legion project defending veterans’ memorials, Alliance Defense Fund, 07/2007)
"The Veterans of Foreign Wars erected the first Mojave Desert Cross atop Sunrise Rock in 1934 as a memorial to World War I veterans, maintaining and replacing the cross as needed since then. When the memorial became the subject of legal battles, government officials covered the cross with boards."
“The secularists’ attempt to dismantle this [ Mojave Desert Cross ] memorial adds injury to insult toward those who have lost family or friends during World War I ....”
—Joe Infranco, Alliance Defense Fund Senior Counsel
Read:
In the United States Court of Appeals
for the Ninth Circut - No. 05-55852
Frank Buono, Plaintiff-Appellee, v.
Gail Norton, Secretary of the Interior, et al., Defendant-Appellants, On Appeal, from the United States District Court
for the Central District of California Brief Amicus Curiae of the National Legal Foundation in support of the Appellants urging reversal [ Alliance Defense Fund funded friend-of-the-court brief for The National Legal Foundation asserting that the land transfer was a proper legal remedy to save World War I memorial, located on public land in Mojave Desert. The land transfer is the subject of a hearing in U.S. Court of Appeals for 9th Circuit ] [ ADF PDF ] (http://www.telladf.org/UserDocs/KempthorneAmicus.pdf/) Source:
ADF to 9th Circuit: Mojave land transfer was legal, uncover that cross
Land transfer ordered by Congress to save cross subject of hearing Monday (Alliance Defense Fund, April 09, 2007) http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=4067 National Legal Foundation
Christian public interest law firm dedicated to the preservation of America's freedom and constitutional rights. http://www.nlf.net Alliance Defense Fund
Dedicated women and men fighting for religious freedom, the sanctity of human life, and marriage and the family http://www.alliancedefensefund.org ".... returning veterans of World War I emigrated to the desert for their health, and possibly for some solitude after the trials of war. A group of these veterans erected a cross and a sign that read: 'The Cross. Erected in memory of the dead of all wars.' The cross was erected by the Veterans of Foreign Wars Death Valley Chapter, the year was 1934...."
[ *** The Cross, Erected in Memory of the 'Dead of All Wars' 'Erected 1934 by Members of Veterans of Fore[ig]n Wars / Foregin [sic Wars, Death Valley post 2884 *** ]
Source:
Faith Under Fire in the Desert: Desert Christ Park / Mojave Cross
(Sun Runner, Magazine of California Desert Life & Culture 2006/2007)
http://www.thesunrunner.com/Stories/Faith_Under_Fire_in_the_Desert/faith_under_fire_in_the_desert.html "ACLU sued .. to have it [ Mojave Desert World War I Veterans Memorial Cross ] removed."
Read:
"...there is a need for Americans, the 'We the People' of the Declaration of Independence, to stop acting as sheep before lawyers sitting as judges who are usurping the powers of the legislative and executive branches, and are sucking freedom and democracy from our republican form of government."
—Rees Lloyd, former American Civil Liberties Union attorney
Judicial Voodoo VS. The Cross
By Rees Lloyd (WorldNetDaily, 04/15/2005) [ Mojave Desert Veterans Memorial Cross ] http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=43799 "... court's...opinion (... notes that one of the plaintiffs represented himself to be a sherpa who wanted to install a Bhuddist monument while also noting that he is a 'devout Catholic' who doesn't live anywhere near the cross and is merely offended by the knowledge that it exists)..."
[ "In May 1999, a Buddhist monk attempted to receive permission to construct a stupa on the site. Citing their eventual intention to remove the cross, the park denied the monk's request." --- Footnote 257: Mary G. Martin letter to Sherpa San Harold Horpa, 05/27/1999 <http://www.nps.gov/archive/moja/adminhist/adhin.htm>
From Neglected Space To Protected Place:An Administrative History of Mojave National Preserve
by Eric Charles Nystrom, March 2003, Chapter Six: Park Management and Admistration Prepared for: United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Mojave National Preserve <http://www.nps.gov/archive/moja/adminhist/adhi.htm>
http://www.nps.gov/archive/moja/adminhist/adhi6.htm ] [ "...ACLU filed complaint March 2001, on behalf of plaintiff Frank Buono, former assistant superintendent of the Mojave Preserve ...Oct. 2001, ACLU filed an amended complaint joining as plaintiff Alan Schwartz, Jewish war veteran. ... controversy surrounding the cross surfaced in 1999, when the [ National Park Service ] NPS received a letter from an individual who identified himself as 'Sherpa San Harold Horpa' of Jensen, Utah. ...who sent letter under alias 'Sherpa San Harold Horpa' ... also known to Buono as Herman R. Hoops ('Hoops'), retired NPS employee and longtime acquaintance of Buono."
ACLU's disinformation exposed
By Rees Lloyd (WorldNetDaily, 09/22/2006 http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=52087 ] Read:
United States District Court for Central District of California
Frank Buono & Allen Schwartz, Plaintiffs v.
Gale Norton, John Reynolds, & Mary Martin, Defendants. Case No. EDCV 01-216 RT (SGLx) Order 1) Granting Plaintiffs Frank Buono's and Allen Schwartz's Motion for Summary Judgment and; 2) Denying Defendants Gale Norton's, John Reynolds's, and Mary Martin's motion for summary judgment ***court, Judge Robert J. Timlin***
[ CourtZero - PDF ] (http://www.courtzero.org/mojavecrossopinion.pdf/) Watch:
Source:
The Forbidden Mojave Desert Cross
(Blogspot CourtZero, 11/28/2006) http://letthemenforceit.blogspot.com/2006/11/forbidden-mojave-desert-cross.html Articles:
Another Cross in Limbo Awaiting Court Decision
By Nathan Burchfiel (Cybercast News Service, 04/25/2007) [ California Mojave Desert Cross War Memorial ] http://www.cnsnews.com/public/Content/Article.aspx?rsrcid=7409 High Noon at Sunrise Rock By Christopher Levenick
(Wall Street Journal, posted on American Enterprise Institute, 05/27/2005) [ In 1934 J. Riley Bembry and fellow WW I veterans erected the Mojave cross in honor of fallen comrades ] http://www.aei.org/publications/pubID.22588,filter.all/pub_detail.asp Research:
Conservapedia Buono v. Kempthorne
http://www.conservapedia.com/Buono_v._Kempthorne House Report 108-283 - Making Appropriations
For The Department Of Defense For The Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2004, And For Other Purposed (Library of Congress, Thomas) [ SEC. 8121 - Mojave National Preserve national memorial ] http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/cpquery/?&sid=cp108c3F0O&refer=&r_n=hr283.108&db_id=108&item=&sel=TOC_153458 Related Truth Point Posts:
1st Amendment Case - Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial Cross
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3501.entry 1st Amendment: 10 Commandments Monument Case - Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3410.entry 1st Amendment: Separation of Church and State http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3412.entry .
1st Amendment Case - Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial CrossFirst Amendment Case: Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial Cross Legal Battle
2009 - "The current case involves Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America and several individuals represented by the American Civil Liberties Union, which brought the present lawsuit challenging Congress' taking of the... [ Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial ] and the presence of the cross on federal property..."
Source:
Federal Appeals Court to Examine Constitutionality of San Diego Monument American Center for Law and Justice ACLJ - Represents Members of Congress Seeking to Protect the Mount Soledad Veteran’s Memorial (DeMossNewsPond, 03/13/2009) http://www.demossnewspond.com/aclj/news/federal_appeals_court_to_examine_constitutionality_of_san_diego_monument "The American Center for Law and Justice"... filed an brief [http://www.aclj.org/media/pdf/Mt.SoledadBrief.pdf/] at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in the ongoing legal battle to protect the constitutionality of the Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial display in San Diego. ...
[ACLJ amicus brief ] argues that the federal government’s acquisition and operation of the Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial – including its commemorative cross – is consistent with the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. In our view, the federal appeals court should reach the only proper conclusion – that the Mt. Soledad Memorial is not only an appropriate symbol honoring military veterans, but it is constitutional as well."
Source:
Another Round in Court Over Mt. Soledad
Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 03/13/2009 http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?ID=750 “One person’s agenda shouldn’t diminish the sacrifices made by America’s veterans and their families...The ACLU claims to be the foremost defender of the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights.’ Most Americans know, however, that title really belongs to the veterans whose memorial the ACLU is attacking.”
—Joe Infranco, Alliance Defense Fund Senior Counsel
"Alliance Defense Fund attorneys filed a friend-of-the-court brief [http://www.telladf.org/UserDocs/SanDiegoAmicus.pdf/] ...in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit in defense of a... cross located at the Mount Soledad Veterans Memorial. The American Civil Liberties Union and its allies are challenging the constitutionality of the cross, which is located on federal land at the memorial. ADF attorneys represent The American Legion Department of California in the case."
Source:
ADF: Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial cross is constitutional
Friend-of-court brief filed with 9th Circuit on behalf of The American Legion Department of California (Alliance Defense Fund, 03/25/2009) http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=4883 "The national American Legion has joined with the Alliance Defense Fund and Liberty Legal Institute to defend and protect our nation’s war memorials from increasing legal attacks ..."
Source:
Alliance Defense Fund: Veterans' Memorials
http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/memorials Calif. Supreme Court declines review of decision on
Mt. Soledad National War Memorial land transfer Justices let Court of Appeal ruling stand that says transfer to feds okay; ADF filed friend-of-the-court brief for The American Legion Dept. of California (Alliance Defense Fund, 02/22/2007) http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=4018 Transfer of Mt. Soledad land to feds to save war
memorial constitutional, says CA Court of Appeal ADF and its allies filed friend-of-the-court brief on behalf of The American Legion (Alliance Defense Fund, 11/30/2006) http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=3935 ADF attorneys ask 9th Circuit to dismiss
17-year lawsuit against Mt. Soledad cross Friend-of-the-court brief states that case is now “moot” since President Bush signed law transferring cross to federal land Alliance Defense Fund, 11/28/2006 http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=3932 ADF and American Legion ask Supreme Court
to stop removal of Mt. Soledad cross ADF steps up defense of veterans memorial, files friend-of-the-court brief in U.S. Supreme Court arguing on behalf of stay (Alliance Defense Fund, 07/03/2006) http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/news/story.aspx?cid=3790 Alliance Defense Fund
Responding to the urgent need for the legal defense and advocacy of religious freedom http://www.alliancedefensefund.org "The Supreme Court announced its ruling in Pleasant Grove, Utah v. Summum which says that the presence of a donated monument does not require the acceptance of all donated monuments. The ruling, which reverses the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals’ ruling, works in favor of veterans’ memorials nationwide, since many are donated and would have been threatened by the Tenth Circuit’s ruling. The Court’s majority opinion specifically references the brief filed by the veterans."
Source:
U.S. Supreme Court Rules 9-0 to Protect Govt. Monuments
Veterans Celebrate Ruling That Will Help Preserve War Memorials (Save Our Memorials, project of Liberty Legal Institute. Press Release, 02/25/2009 - PDF) http://www.saveourmemorials.com/docs/090225_release.pdf Liberty Legal Institute: Save Our Memorials
http://www.saveourmemorials.com Liberty Legal Institute
Protecting religious freedoms and First Amendment rights for individuals, groups and churches. http://www.libertylegal.org
"... the ACLU by its continuing attacks on Mt. Soledad and other veterans memorials, continues to create a growing backlash, resulting now in an unprecedented nationwidewide defense of veterans memorials..." Source:
Launch of National Defense of Veterans Memorial Project
By Rees Lloyd, California civil rights attorney, veteran, and Director of the Defense of Veterans Memorials Project of the American Legion Department of California (American Legion Department of California San Francisco Headquarters, 05/18/2007) http://www.calegion.org/html/desk_news.html#project Defense of Veterans Memorials Project
American Legion Department of California http://www.calegion.org/html/veterans-memorials-project.html American Legion Department of California - Headquarters
Veterans Helping Veterans and Their Communities http://www.calegion.org "A...serious threat has surfaced, from self-serving groups seeking to use the threat of lawsuits and judicial activism to cover, remove, and even destroy Veterans Memorials and other public buildings that contain religious symbolism of any type
...The American Legion National Headquarters has joined forces with the Alliance Defense Fund and Liberty Legal Institute to defend and protect our nation's war memorials from increasing legal attacks from the ACLU and its allies..."
Read:
The American Legion, ADF, LLI Launch National
Effort To Defend Veterans’ Memorials
(American Legion Vison May Web News, 05/24/2007) http://www.legion.org/vision/currentevents/2007/05/the_american_legion_adf_lli_la.html Source:
American Legion Riders - Post 489 - Call to Action
Guard America's War Memorials - A call to action for The American Legion Riders, Press Release, 06/14/2007 http://www.legionriders489.org/pressroom.htm National American Legion Riders Information Center
Members of the American Legion who are also motorcycle enthusiasts http://www.americanlegionriders.net Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) "... and The American Legion have been involved in legal efforts to defend the cross memorial at Mt. Soledad in San Diego and the Mojave Desert Cross in southern California against ACLU-led efforts to have them removed. "
Source:
The American Legion, ADF, LLI Launch
National Effort To Defend Veterans' Memorials (OURVOICE, American Legion, 05/24/2007) http://ourvoice.legion.org/story/51/the-american-legion-adf-lli-launch-national-effort-to-defend-veterans-memorials "The Thomas More Law Center’s "...friend of the court brief [ supporting Mt. Soledad cross ] was filed on behalf of former Navy pilot and prisoner of war Rear Admiral Jeremiah Denton, USN (Ret.), and the families of Marine Majors Michael D. Martino and Gerald Bloomfield, III, both of whom were killed in combat in Iraq..." TMLC Files Brief on Behalf of War Heroes Opposing
ACLU’s Efforts to Destroy Mt. Soledad Cross (Thomas More Law Center, 04/02/2009) http://www.thomasmore.org/qry/page.taf?id=19&_function=detail&sbtblct_uid1=475 Adm. Jeremiah Denton, Vietnam War Hero & US Senator,
to be Honored at Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial (Thomas More Law Center, 09/16/2008) [ Thomas More Law Center and the American Legion, Department of California, honor Vietnam War hero, retired Admiral and former U.S. Senator, Jeremiah Denton, with a plaque dedication ceremony atop Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial ] http://www.thomasmore.org/qry/page.taf?id=19&_function=detail&sbtblct_uid1=475 "Many of our fallen war heroes have been honored with individual plaques displayed at the foot of the Mt. Soledad memorial cross. And yet, in bitter irony, the very freedoms that these veterans died to protect are being perverted by the ACLU and used to deprive them and their grieving friends, families and comrades the honor and solace they deserve.”
—Richard Thompson, President and Chief Counsel of the Thomas More Law Center
(ACLU Dishonors Veterans And Fallen War Heroes, TMLC News / victimsoflaw net 08/28/2006) "Those who want the Mt. Soledad cross removed erroneously base their case on the metaphor ‘separation of church and state,’ a phrase nowhere in the Constitution. ... It’s time to stop government by the ACLU and for the ACLU.”
—Richard Thompson, President and Chief Counsel of the Thomas More Law Center
(U.S. Congress Acts to Save the Mt. Soledad Cross, 11/23/2004 / TMLC Internet Archive Wayback Machine) Thomas More Law Center
Dedicated to the defense and promotion of the religious freedom of Christians, time-honored family values, and the sanctity of human life. http://www.thomasmore.org The Mt. Soledad Memorial Cross "... in no way represents an 'establishment of religion.' Displaying a cross on public property does not establish Christianity as the official religion of San Diego."
Source:
Crossed up (Posted By Greg Jones, 08/03/2006)
Foundation for Moral Law Weblog: Firm Foundation http://morallaw.org/blog/?p=8 "...The secularist jihad, led by ACLU mullahs, will stop at nothing to expunge this nation’s Judeo-Christian heritage, and to prevent the government from paying tribute to the Christians who died defending America. What next, What about all of those crosses on federal land in veterans cemeteries, here and abroad? Doesn’t this constitute government endorsement of religion as well? ... Compare the number of Christians who died fighting for America to the number of ACLU lawyers who were killed in their country’s service. No comparison..."
—Don Feder, President of Jews Against Anti-Christian Defamation
Source:
Jews Against Anti-Christian Defamation Applauds
San Diego Vote To Save Mt. Soledad Cross (Jews Against Anti-Christian Defamation, Press Release, 07/27/2005) http://www.jews4fairness.org/pr072705.php Jews Against Anti-Christian Defamation Purpose: To secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike and to put an end forever to unjust and unfair discrimination against Christians http://www.jews4fairness.org Visit:
Watch:
"Mt. Soledad Memorial 'now serves to honor American veterans of all wars, not just veterans of World War I, World War II, and Korea.'"
C-Span Congressional Chronicle Video: Jeff Sessions On Mt. Soledad Memorial
Jeff Sessions United States Senator Alabama [R]
[ Sessions on the Mt. Soledad Veterans' Memorial, 07/27/2006 Complete Text - Sessions Official Site: TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/d4b486 ] http://www.c-spanarchives.org/congress/?q=node/77531&id=7491665 Mt Soledad War Memorial - American Legion Press Conference
YouTube: tmorriss 2006 Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8A5w4ULf1IA Part 2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3GfoHymr5U Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvZisx1eETg Mt. Soledad National Memorial Salute to Veterans
YouTube: joshuagross http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPgJmU5t4aE What About Arlington - performed by Jami Grooms
YouTube: JamiSandyGrooms [ American Legion, Liberty Legal Institute, Alliance Defense Fund are using this video in national campaign to protect religious symbols on the tombstones and monuments in Arlington National Cemetery that honor the fallen hero's of this great country ] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Zr0TMnB-ps Col David Hunt Erupts in Anger over Flag Ritual Flap! YouTube: johnnydollar01, 2007 [ Colonel David Hunt outraged over administration ban of flag folding recitations at military funerals and Lt. Col. Oliver North explains flag ban ]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbzXuQ0UZio Articles:
“I'm for leaving it [ the Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial cross ] alone...Let it be.” —Allen Miliefsky, San Diego, CA resident, retired Air Force lieutenant colonel
and commander of Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America, Post 185 Local Jewish Veterans Want Mount Soledad Cross Left Alone
By David Ogul (SignOnSanDiego, Union-Tribune, 01/19/2009) [ San Diego, Calif. - Most local members of Jewish War Veterans aren't offended by the Mt. Soledad cross ]
http://www3.signonsandiego.com/stories/2009/jan/19/1m19cross212940-local-jewish-veterans-want-mount-s/ "...lawyers for Jewish War Veterans [ Jewish War Veterans of the USA ] ...contend [ the Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial Cross ] violates the constitutional separation between government and religion..."
Source:
Soledad cross foes want order reversed
By Greg Moran (Contact) (SignOnSanDiego, Union-Tribune, 01/08/2009) http://www3.signonsandiego.com/stories/2009/jan/08/1m8cross23938-soledad-cross-foes-want-order-revers At Cross Purposes - Church and state
collide with a cross on government land. The Mount Soledad cross has been the subject of legal battles for almost two decades. By Marcia Manna(San Diego Magazine, July 2008) http://www.sandiegomagazine.com/media/San-Diego-Magazine/July-2008/At-Cross-Purposes/index.php Bush Signs Bill to Protect Mount Soledad cross
(Baptist Press, 08/15/2006) [ President Bush signed into law Aug. 14 legislation to protect San Diego’s Mount Soledad cross as memorial to military veterans ] http://www.bpnews.net/BPnews.asp?ID=23793 House Passes Bill Attempting to Intervene in Cross Dispute
By Robert Marus (Associated Baptist Press, 07/20/2006) [ Case Paulson v. City of San Diego bill transferring the cross to federal ownership was H.R. 5683 ] http://www.abpnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1378 ACLU v. The Cross
By Michael Gaynor (RenewAmerica, 07/21/2006) [ Bill (H.R. 5863) to transfer ownership of veterans Mt. Soledad memorial to federal government ] http://www.renewamerica.us/columns/gaynor/060721 House Intervenes to Save Mount Soledad Cross
By Gudrun Schultz (LifeSiteNews, 07/20/2006) http://www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2006/jul/06072002.html Supreme Court Intervenes to Save the Mt. Soledad Cross
(LifeSiteNews, 07/04/2006) http://www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2006/jul/06070401.html Court: San Diego Veteran Memorial
Cross Must Come Down by August 1 (LifeSiteNews, 06/23/2006) http://www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2006/jun/06062302.html Judge Orders San Diego to Remove
Disputed Mountain Cross Erected in 1954 ACLU triumphs over wishes of 105,000 citizens who signed ballot initiative By Gudrun Schultz (LifeSiteNews, 05/04/2006) http://www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2006/may/06050406.html Veterans Go To Battle For Memorials
By Rees Lloyd, former ACLU attorney (WorldNetDaily, 05/ 22/2007) http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=41710 War hero, ex-senator asks Bush to save cross
San Diego landmark to be removed by judge's order next month James L. Lambert (WorldNetDaily, 07/01/2006) [ Former POW and U.S. senator Jeremiah Denton requested President Bush authorize federal government to take over site of historic San Diego cross ] http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=50859 Slain Marine's parents appeal to Bush to save cross
Officer killed in Iraq memorialized under symbol threatened by court order By James L. Lambert (WorldNetDaily, 06/09/2006) [ Parents of Capt. Michael Martino, who was killed in action in Iraq, want federal park service to take over Mt. Soledad war memorial site from city of San Diego ] http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=50567 Research:
History: San Diego City Charter and Mt. Soledad National War Memorial
[ San Diegans for Mt. Soledad National War Memorial led citywide Proposition A campaign to protect Mount Soledad
by transferring the site of the memorial to the federal government
as a national monument protected - Chairman Phil Thalheimer,
Co-chairs Myke Shelby / Joshua Gross --- website inactive since '06 ]
http://soledadnational.sitebuilder.completecampaigns.com/sbcc/personalinfo.php?page=biography GovTrack: H.R. 5683 - Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial (109th Congress/2005-06)
To preserve the Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial in San Diego, California, by providing for the immediate acquisition of the memorial by the United States. http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h109-5683 111th Congress - 2009-2010 H.R. 1300: Veterans' Memorials, Boy Scouts,
Public Seals, and Other Public Expressions of Religion Protection Act of 2009 [ Bill in U.S. Congress originating in the House of Representatives - To amend the Revised Statutes of the United States to prevent the use ofthe legal system in a manner that extorts money from State and local governments, and the Federal Government, and inhibits such governments' constitutional actions under the first, tenth, and fourteenth amendments Sponsors Rep. Dan Burton (R-IN) - Introduced Mar 4, 2009 - Last Action: Mar 4, 2009: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary ] http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-1300 Related Cases: The Army says that fighting a lawsuit against
the religious icon is too costly and impractical By Gregg K. Kakesako (Star-Bulletin - Hawaii, 1997) [ Hawaii - Schofield Barrack Kolekole Pass cross / Camp H. M. Smith cross ] http://archives.starbulletin.com/1997/10/20/news/story2.html Flag-folding Recitation Ban:
"Reciting what the 13 folds to the United States Flag stand for in Military Funerals, can no longer be read by anyone who is an employee of America."
"The First Amendment to the United States Constitution apparently says that you can say anything you want to say in America, but if your free speech says anything about the Christian God, it is illegal. Where is that written in our Constitution?"
—Pastor Don Swarthout, President and founder of Christians Reviving America's ValuEs (CRAVE) http://www.christians4america.com Source:
U. S. Flag Ceremony Banned
(Christian Newswire, CRAVE, 10/31/2007) http://www.christiannewswire.com/news/188804645.html "World War II Navy sailor Bobby Castillo, 85, member of Memorial Honor Detail 12, called the federal decision 'a slap in the face to every veteran. ...When we got back from the war, we didn't ask for a whole lot...We just want to give our veterans the respect they deserve. No one has ever complained to us about it. I just don't understand.'"
Source: After complaint in Riverside, Flag-Folding Recitation
Banned at Veterans cemeteries Nationwid By Joe Vargo (Press-Enterprise, 10/25/2007) http://www.pe.com/localnews/inland/stories/PE_News_Local_S_flag25.3ee2dc9.html "Following one complaint...The U.S. government has bowed to pressure from one radical anti-Christian secularist. Allowed to stand, the action by the Veterans Administration, in essence, means that anti-Christian bigotry is now the accepted and approved law of the land.”
Source:
Federal government bans flag-folding recitations following one complaint
(WordPress, Family Action Organization, 10/27/2007 http://familyactionorganization.wordpress.com/2007/10/27/federal-government-bans-flag-folding-recitations-following-one-complaint/ Christians encouraged to take action on funeral flag recitation ban From Allie Martin and One News Now. (Word PressFamily Action Organization, 10/29/2007) http://familyactionorganization.wordpress.com/2007/10/29/christians-encouraged-to-take-action-on-funeral-flag-recitation-ban/ Mail Archive - osint: Federal Government Bans Flag-folding Recitations
(American Family Association - AFA Action Alerts, 10/2007)
http://www.mail-archive.com/osint@yahoogroups.com/msg48445.html "The flag folding ceremony represents the same religious principles on which our great country was originally founded."
*The second fold is a symbol of our belief in the eternal life.
*The fourth fold represents our weaker nature; for as American citizens trusting in God, it is to Him we turn in times of peace, as well as in times of war, for His divine guidance.
*The eleventh fold, in the eyes of Hebrew citizens, represents the lower portion of the seal of King David and King Solomon and glorifies, in their eyes, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.
*The twelfth fold, in the eyes of a Christian citizen, represents an emblem of eternity and glorifies, in their eyes, God the Father, the Son and Holy Ghost.
When the flag is completely folded, the stars are uppermost, reminding us of our national motto, 'In God We Trust.'
Source:
American Legion Online: Flag Folding - Procedures and Symbols
http://www.legion.org/national/americanflag/folding Related Truth Point Posts:
1st Amendment Case - Salazar v. Buono - Mojave Desert Cross
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3502.entry 1st Amendment: 10 Commandments Monument Case - Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3410.entry 1st Amendment: Separation of Church and State
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3412.entry .
1st Amendment - Constitutionality of 'New' Fairness Doctrine Questioned1st Amendment - Constitutionality of 'New' Fairness Doctrine Questioned
"Free speech advocates have been raising alarms over the possibility of a new so-called 'Fairness Doctrine' that would impose government regulations on speech on radio talk shows..."
Source:
Free speech litmus test proposed
'Durbin Doctrine' includes 'frightening new government censorship powers' By Bob Unruh (WorldNetDaily, March 04, 2009) http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=90733 "...the Durbin’s amendment [ Sen. Durbin, D-Ill - Amdt. 591 ] was left vague, it could give the FCC a much wider reaching authority to enforce it however they wish and thus leave any potential outcome up to that bureaucracy."
Source:
Inhofe: Senate Democrat Amendment Threatens Christian Radio
Oklahoma senator explains Durbin's amendment is a veiled attempt to attack talk radio, specifically religious radio. By Jeff Poor (Business & Media Institute, March 4, 2009) http://www.businessandmedia.org/articles/2009/20090304134901.aspx "... Democrats are keen to crack down on conservative talk radio... free speech they don't like, that is -- is now impossible to deny."
Source:
The unfairness of a Fairness Doctrine
Proposals by some Democrats are really just aimed at cracking down on conservative talk radio. By Brian C. Anderson (Los Angeles Times, March 3, 2009) http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-anderson3-2009mar03,0,3448325.story "... an amendment by Sen. Dick Durban (D-Ill.) that seeks to achieve the same goals of the Fairness Doctrine through backdoor FCC regulations..."
Source:
Senate Rejects Fairness Doctrine,
But Dems ‘Open Back Door to Censorship’ By Susan Jones (Cybercast News Service. Feb. 27, 2009) http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=44227 U.S. Senator Dick Durbin (D-Ill.) 's amendment " ... forces FCC to impose 'diversity' in communications media ownership, a clear attempt to dismantle successful syndicated radio programs. The fight goes on to protect free speech on the airwaves."
Source:
Ding dong. The Fairness Doctrine is Dead…Sort of.
(Christian Broadcasting Network, Feb. 26, 2009) http://www.cbn.com/CBNnews/549194.aspx "Leading conservative talk-show hosts and their allies in Congress have expressed concerns that the [ Fairness ] Doctrine may be revived in 'camouflaged form' to silence conservative talk radio, including Christian programs."
Source:
US Fairness Doctrine “Threatens” Christian Radio
By Joseph DeCaro (Worthy News Feb. 22, 2009) http://www.worthynews.com/4850-fairness-doctrine-may-threaten-christian-radio "The Fairness Doctrine, first introduced in 1949, required radio stations to broadcast opposing views on any matter of public importance they discussed. However, in 1987, President Reagan directed that it be abandoned. Since then, Democrats have made several unsuccessful attempts to reinstate the Doctrine."
Source:
Conservative Radio Giant Michael Savage Joins with
TMLC to Challenge Fairness Doctrine (Thomas More Law Center, Feb. 18, 2009) http://www.thomasmore.org/qry/page.taf?id=19&_function=detail&sbtblct_uid1=596 "...the American Spectator reported on senior FCC staff working for Commissioner Michael Copps holding meetings with advisers to House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Henry Waxman to discuss ways the committee can create openings for the FCC to put in place a form of the 'Fairness Doctrine' without actually calling it such."
Read: In All Fairness By The Prowler
By The Prowler (American Spectator, 02/16/2009) http://spectator.org/archives/2009/02/16/in-all-fairness Source:
Democrats Plot “Fairness Doctrine” for Internet Talk Radio
By Kurt Nimmo (Infowars, Feb. 17, 2009) http://www.infowars.com/democrats-plot-fairness-doctrine-for-internet-talk-radio 2009 National Religious Broadcasters Convention " ... was the first meeting in years in which the re-implementation of the Fairness Doctrine -- or a similar regulation under a different name -- seemed a real possibility."
Source:
Christian broadcasters fear Fairness Doctrine return
By Michael Foust (Baptist Press, Feb. 11, 2009) http://www.bpnews.net/BPnews.asp?ID=29849 “The day has come when we need to say, ‘We will preach the gospel of Jesus Christ whether some government makes it illegal to do so or not,’”
—Dr. Frank Wright, president and CEO of the National Religious Broadcasters
(http://content.nrb.org/press/wrightbio.pdf/) Source:
Christian Broadcasters Face 'Dark Clouds'; Affirm Commitment to Preach
By Eric Young (Christian Post (02/10/2009)
TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/bfwofj / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/bfwofj American Center for Law and Justice:
"... we must remain vigilant to ensure that the FCC does not use its authority to encourage diversity of ownership as a back-door means of censoring speech over the airwaves."
ACLJ Legislative Alert: Senate Victory for Broadcaster Freedom
(American Center for Law and Justice, 02/26/2009) http://www.aclj.org/LegislativeAlert/Read.aspx?GUID=12ddf59a-d2ef-48a4-9528-1f3dd03a98eb "... the Senate approved an amendment by Senator Jim DeMint which prohibits the FCC from reinstating the Fairness Doctrine and requiring broadcasters - including Christian broadcasters - always air both sides of a controversial issue. While this is an important victory, it is Round One. "
Broadcaster Freedom Victory - Round One
Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 02/27/2009 (American Center for Law and Justice) http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=742 The Fight to Stop the Fairness Doctrine
Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 10/18/2007 (American Center for Law and Justice) http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=540 ACLJ: No Silencing of Christian and Conservative Broadcasters!
(American Center for Law and Justice) https://www.aclj.org/Petition/Default.aspx?sc=3293&ac=1 ACLJ - Fairness Doctrine: An Archaic Policy That Violates the First Amendment
In The News/ Related Documents In Churches and Political Speech (American Center for Law and Justice) http://www.aclj.org/news/Read.aspx?ID=2709 American Center for Law and Justice Dedicated to the ideal that religious freedom and freedom of speech are inalienable, God-given rights http://www.aclj.org Media Research Center:
"...the worst part of the Durbin Amendment is the possibility that Obama's FCC may now be empowered to prematurely pull the broadcast licenses of radio stations they deem as failing to meet these new 'Fairness' Doctrine-esque guidelines."
Essay: The Durbin Amendment – The New ‘Fairness’ Doctrine with a Kicker
By Seton Motley, Director of Communications for Media Research Center (NewsBusters, Feb. 27, 2009) http://newsbusters.org/blogs/seton-motley/2009/02/27/essay-durbin-amendment-new-fairness-doctrine-kicker "Conservative and Christian talk radio face the real threat of government censorship on several fronts."
MRC's Free Speech Alliance Calls on Pres. Obama to Oppose
All Forms of Government Censorship on the Radio The President’s stated opposition to the Censorship Doctrine is not enough (Media Research Center - Press Release, Feb. 19, 2009) http://www.mrc.org/press/2009/press20090219.asp Media Research Center: Free Speech Alliance Defending free speech against a return of the Censorship Doctrine or any other assault on the First Amendment and talk radio http://www.mrcaction.org/517/petition.asp?PID=18840310 Past Articles/News:
Democrats Will Attempt To Re-Impose The Fairness Doctrine By J.D. Longstreet (WesternFront America, 12/18/2008) http://westernfrontamerica.com/2008/12/18/democrats-attempt-reimpose-fairness-doctrine Broadcast 'Fairness' Fouls Out
By George F. Will (Washington Post, 12/07/2008) http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/05/AR2008120503194.html Extending the 'fairness doctrine' to the web
By Arthur Bruzzone (Examiner, 10/18/2008) http://www.examiner.com/x-431-SF-Politics-Examiner~y2008m10d18-Extending-the-fairness-doctrine-to-the-web 'Fairness' is censorship
(Washington Times - Editorial, 06/17/2008)
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jun/17/fairness-is-censorship A New Stealth Fairness Doctrine
By Bob Ellis (Dakota Voice, 06/13/2008) http://www.dakotavoice.com/2008/06/a-new-stealth-fairness-doctrine Fairness Doctrine About As Fair as Patriot Act is Patriotic
Cheaters Don't Like The Score, So They Try To Change The Rules By Paul Joseph Watson (Prison Planet, 06/28/2007) http://www.prisonplanet.com/articles/june2007/280607fairnessdoctrine.htm GOP preps for talk radio confrontation
By Alexander Bolton (The Hill, 06/27/2007) http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/gop-preps-for-talk-radio-confrontation-2007-06-27.html Chilling The Internet? Lessons from FCC Regulation of Radio Broadcasting
By Thomas W. Hazlett and David W. Sosa (Cato Institute, March 19, 1997) https://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-270.html Why the Fairness Doctrine is Anything But Fair
By Adam Thierer (Heritage Foundation, Oct. 29, 1993) http://www.heritage.org/research/regulation/em368.cfm Research:
Govtrack - Legislation - 111st Congress S.Amdt. 591
An amendment to S. 160 District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act of 2009 To encourage and promote diversity in communication media ownership, and to ensure that the public airwaves are used in the public interest. Sponsor: Sen. Richard Durbin [D-IL] http://www.govtrack.us/congress/amendment.xpd?session=111&amdt=s591 U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 111th Congress - 1st Session: Amendment (Durbin Amdt. No. 591)
Amendment Number: S.Amdt. 591 to S. 160 (District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act of 2009) Statement of Purpose: To encourage and promote diversity in communication media ownership, and to ensure that the public airwaves are used in the public interest. (United States Senate Legislation & Records) http://senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=1&vote=00070 Inhofe Warns ‘Durbin Doctrine’ is New ‘Fairness Doctrine’
Speaks Out Against Democrats’ New Stealth Attack on Free Speech [ U.S. Senator Jim Inhofe issued warning on Senate Floor about dangers of Democrats’ attempt to stifle Free Speech through their efforts to promote diversity in communication media ownership and promote Broadcast Localism. Senate passed legislation (S.Amdt.573) that prohibits Federal Communications Commission from reinstituting the fairness doctrine - amendment by Sen. Dick Durbin (R-Ill.) approved ] (James M. Inhofe U.S. Senator - Oklahoma [R], Press Release, Mar. 4, 2009) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/djblq8 / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/djblq8
Senate Rejects Fairness Doctrine
All eyes now on FCC as Democrats open back-door censorship (Jim DeMint U.S. Senator, South Carolina, Feb. 26, 2009) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/d6rj6r / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/d6rj6r DeMint to Force Vote Next Week on Bill to Stop Fairness Doctrine
President Obama says his administration opposes the Fairness Doctrine, which violates free speech; the DeMint-Thune Broadcaster Freedom Act take a stand against such censorship (Jim DeMint U.S. Senator, South Carolina, Feb. 19, 2009) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/bz2brt / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/bz2brt Walden Congratulates Demint on Passage of Fairness Doctrine Prohibition In Senate
But Durbin amendment opens up a backdoor to the Fairness Doctrine (Greg Walden U.S. Congressman, Oregon, Feb. 26, 2009) http://www.house.gov/apps/list/press/or02_walden/02_26_fairness_doctrine.shtml Greg Walden U.S. Congressman, Oregon - Issue Pages: Broadcaster Freedom Act
http://walden.house.gov/Issues.ViewIssue_id23.shtml Pence Files Amendment To Protect Against Censorship of Radio Airwaves
(Congressman Mike Pence 6th District Of Indiana [ R ], Feb 24, 2009) http://mikepence.house.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=112379 Congressman Mike Pence 6th District Of Indiana: Fairness Doctrine Update
http://mikepence.house.gov/fairnessdoctrine/fairnessdoctrine.htm Watch:
DeMint Introduces Broadcaster Freedom Act
[ Sen. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.) introduces the Broadcaster Freedom Act, which would allow Congress to take a stand against reinstatement of the Fairness Doctrine, during a speech on the Senate floor ] (YouTube: SenJimDeMint, Feb. 25, 2009) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQZ322c6MbM Rep. Greg Walden and Sen. Jim DeMint's Fairness Doctrine
press conference on Fox News [ Rep. Greg Walden (R-Ore.) and Sen. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.) discuss two amendments adopted by Senate regarding so-called Fairness Doctrine. - amendment offered by Sen. DeMint would put an end to government censorship of speech on the airwaves. - amendment offered by Sen. Dick Durbin opens up backdoor to government censorship ] (YouTube: RepGregWalden, Feb. 26, 2009) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsRYiJ3rGkY YouTube - RepGregWalden 10/2007: Walden discusses the unFairness Doctrine
[ Greg Walden, U.S. Congressman, Oregon urges his colleagues to sign the petition to
bring an up or down vote on Broadcaster Freedom Act and Fairness Doctrine to House floor ]
[ Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwxbCrq_v0k ] [ Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2kJHz0KSQo ] [ Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oba6deHCAeQ ] [ Part 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRac34jBDyk ] [ Part 5: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M9AZobIpbGQ ] Sen. Inhofe Responds to Democrats' Calls for 'Fairness Doctrine'
(YouTube: JimInhofePressOffice, Feb 12, 2009) [ James Inhofe, United States Senator, (R-OK) ] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sJ30HHxj2k Inhofe, Demint Press Conference on Fairness Doctrine (YouTube: JimInhofePressOffice, Jan 07, 2009) [ James Inhofe, United States Senator (R-OK) ] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbCSowAYmFk Unfair and Unbalanced
(Focus on the Family Action - CitizenLink: Stoplight 12/05/2008) [ Stuart Shepard explains how the efforts by Democratic leaders in Congress to force the so-called Fairness Doctrine on talk radio ] http://www.citizenlink.org/Stoplight/A000008831.cfm Petitions Urge Representatives to Oust Fairness Doctrine
(Focus on the Family Action - CitizenLink: Turn Signal, 07/01/2008) [ Focus on the Family Action is delivering petitions to U.S. House members asking for support of a moratorium on the controversial Fairness Doctrine ] http://www.citizenlink.org/turnsignal/A000007745.cfm Video/Article - NRB 2009: Fairness Doctrine, Hate Speech And Localism
By cwnewz network [ 2009 National Religious Broadcasters Convention - NRB Leaders made clear their concerns about Fairness Doctrine - clips: Janet Parshall, Craig Parshall, Ashton Hardy, Jay Sekulow ] (CWNEWZ - Christian Web News Feb. 17 2009) http://cwnewz.com/content/view/602/2/ Video/Article - Government Makes it Illegal or Not
By Rebecca Easterling (CWNEWZ - Christian Web News, Feb. 09, 2009) [ 2009 National Religious Broadcasters Convention, 2009 - Dr. Frank Wright, President and CEO of NRB voiced concerns for future of religious broadcasting. ] http://cwnewz.com/content/view/582/2/ . Ron Paul on the 13th Amendment - Involuntary Servitude...the DraftRon Paul on the 13th Amendment - Involuntary Servitude...the Draft
On Reinstating the Draft By Ron Paul
Much has been made by the new administration of the idea of national service and volunteerism. While service to one’s community is certainly admirable, it is not the federal government’s place to “encourage” or promote volunteerism. Moreover, there are troubling signs that national service could transition from voluntary to mandatory, or de facto mandatory, such as the requirement of service in order to be granted a diploma, or something along those lines.
Involuntary servitude was supposed to be abolished by the 13th Amendment, but things like Selective Service and the income tax make me wonder how serious we really are in defending just basic freedom. The income tax enslaves workers for nearly 4 months out of a year by garnishing what amounts to all their wages in that period of time. A military draft could demand your very life, without your consent. This should be unthinkable in a free society.
Proponents of reinstating the draft claim it is needed to protect liberty from enemies abroad. But what about the enemies of liberty right here at home? I am convinced that there are more threats to American liberty within the 10 mile radius of my office on Capitol Hill than there are on the rest of the globe. If we would get our troops off of foreign soil, those perceived enemies of our liberty abroad are much more likely to stand down and let us be. We have more than enough troops to mind our own business and defend ourselves. It is only for world domination that we have a troop shortage.
Nevertheless, some think recruiting for our military is too low and that the younger generation will not answer the call of duty willingly, and must be drafted by force. I take extreme exception to this characterization of young people today.First of all, I believe they correctly see that foreign policy, as unpopular as it has been under Bush, is not significantly changing under Obama, and has little, if anything, to do with defending the United States, and certainly not the Constitution. Second, many see friends and acquaintances who have voluntarily enlisted, and have taken note of how the soldier, the veteran is treated. Perhaps rather than blaming younger generations for being selfish, older generations should remember their promises to those who volunteer for military service and be mindful of how they are treated. Every homeless vet by the side of the road, every suicide, every report of substandard conditions in veteran hospitals is a sign of how we let our military down. Perhaps we should look to those issues if we have problems with military recruitment, rather than to trample freedom in the name of protecting it.
If that is not enough reason, consider that most in the military are against a draft. There is a vast difference between serving alongside another volunteer, and serving alongside a reluctant conscript. Americans need to be on the lookout for any propaganda trying to ease us back into the draft. Too often a flawed foreign policy prompts the need for a draft. Abolishing the Selective Service is one thing we could do to counter those efforts.
On Reinstating the Draft By Ron Paul
(Texas Straight Talk, Feb. 16, 2009) <http://www.house.gov/apps/blog/tx14_paul/> "With the increased need for more troops for the administration’s expanded military adventurism in Afghanistan, as well as the continuing movement to conscript young people not eligible for military service to serve the government at home, can anyone doubt that this bill [ HR 1388 - National Service ] is only the down payment on a much larger program of mandatory national service?"
Statement in Opposition to HR 1388 - National Service Statement of Congressman Ron Paul, March 18, 2009 United States House of Representatives http://www.house.gov/apps/list/speech/tx14_paul/natservoppose.shtml Also Read:
"Conscription is slavery, plain and simple. And it was made illegal under the 13th amendment, which prohibits involuntary servitude."
3000 American Deaths in Iraq
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives Speeches And Statements, Jan. 5, 2007 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=532 "... many in Congress would rather draft more young bodies than rethink our role as world policeman and bring some of our troops home."
Rethinking the Draft By Ron Paul
Texas Straight Talk, Nov. 27, 2006 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=488 "Justifying conscription to promote the cause of liberty is one of the most bizarre notions ever conceived by man! Forced servitude, with the risk of death and serious injury as a price to live free, makes no sense."
Conscription - The Terrible Price of War
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives Speeches And Statements, Nov. 21, 2003 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=616 "Shutting down Selective Service will ... end a program that violates the very principals of individual liberty our nation was founded upon."
Abolish Selective Service
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives Speeches And Statements, Jan. 30, 2003 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=659 "Despite the threat posed to the very existence of the young republic by the invading British Empire, Congress ultimately rejected the proposal to institute a draft. If the new nation of America could defeat what was then the most powerful military empire in the world without a draft, there is no reason why we cannot address our current military needs with a voluntary military."
Say No to Conscription
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives Speeches And Statements, May 9, 2002 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=711 "... the philosophy which inspired America’s founders, expressed in the Declaration of Independence, is that individuals possess natural, God-given rights which cannot be abridged by the government. Forcing people into military service against their will thus directly contradicts the philosophy of the Founding Fathers. A military draft also appears to contradict the constitutional prohibition of involuntary servitude."
Statement Opposing Military Conscription
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives
Speeches And Statements, March 20, 2002 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=718 "The draft ... is a blatant attack on the Thirteenth Amendment, which prohibits involuntary servitude. If the federal government fought individual states over the legalization of private-sector slavery, then should it not also be equally compelled to decry public-sector servitude? Of course it should, but an elastically interpreted 'living Constitution' makes all sorts of public schemes safe from legal reproach."
Conscription Policies
Hon. Ron Paul of Texas, U.S. House of Representatives Speeches And Statements, June 13, 2001 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=778 "Our nation does have a problem with recruitment and retention -- reasons often cited for keeping the draft registration. Countless surveys, though, have found these problems come not from a lack of patriotism, but because more and more Americans are frustrated with our foreign policy and the increasing number of 'police actions' that put soldiers in harm's way without a national interest at stake."
Draft not needed for protection of liberty
Selective Service should be eliminated, funds to Veterans Administration By Ron Paul, Texas Straight Talk, Aug. 23, 1999 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=111 ".... we see school districts around the nation requiring volunteerism or public service as a condition of graduation ...The role of government is to protect life and liberty from initiations of force or fraud. By preventing government from drafting our children into a system of social engineering..."
Legislation focuses on individual liberty
By Ron Paul, Texas Straight Talk, Aug. 25, 1997 http://www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=8 1st Amendment - U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'1st Amendment: U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'
"In 1850 Reverend Mark R. Watkinson was invited to serve the First Particular Baptist Church of the Township of Ridley [ Delaware County, Pennsylvania ...While serving here he wrote his 'In God We Trust' letter ]. ... Watkinson’s letter suggested the motto 'God, Liberty and Law'. Salmon P. Chase, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury [ Abraham Lincoln administration ] acted on Watkinson’s letter by referring the matter to James B. Longacre, Mint Engraver. The Treasury Department considered a number of mottos, but 'In God We Trust: was chosen and first put on two-cent coins in 1864.'"
Source:
OldChesterPa: Prospect Hill Baptist Church
The First Particular Baptist Church of the Township of Ridley http://www.oldchesterpa.com/churches/prospect_hill_baptist_prospect.htm View: Mark R. Watkinson (Baptist minister) commemorative plaque
Pemberton Baptist Cemetery, Burlington County, New Jersey "REV. WATKINSON (1824-1877) LIES AT REST FIFTY YARDS BEHIND THIS PLAQUE. HIS SUGGESTION FOR A RELIGIOUS MOTTO WILL LIVE FOREVER. AS JAMES OLIVER ONCE SAID. THE WORLD IS BLESSED MOST BY MEN WHO DO THINGS, AND NOT BY THOSE WHO MERLY TALK ABOUT THEM. PRESENTED TO THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH PEMBERTON, NJ BY THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC NUMISMATIC ASSOCI. APRIL 12, 1964"
(http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pis&GRid=10786002&PIgrid=10786002&PIcrid=1697183&PIpi=1695397/) Salmon Portland Chase and Rev. Mark R. Watkinson "... can not be credited with the exact wording of the saying but rather the motto [ 'In God We Trust ' ] evolved in the design process. [ James B. Longacre (1794–1869), Chief Engraver of the United States Mint ] designed two patterns for the coin with different designs and inscriptions. One pattern featured a right-facing portrait of George Washington with the words 'God and Our Country.' The other pattern is the one that was accepted and minted."
Source:
Essortment: The story of the american two cent coin
http://www.essortment.com/hobbies/storyamericant_sorh.htm "From Treasury Department records, it appears that the first such appeal came in a letter dated November 13, 1861. It was written to Secretary Chase by Rev. M. R. Watkinson.... As a result, Secretary Chase instructed James Pollock, Director of the Mint at Philadelphia, to prepare a motto ... Pollock suggested 'Our Trust Is In God,' 'Our God And Our Country,' 'God And Our Country,' and 'God Our Trust.' Chase picked 'In God We Trust' to be used on some of the government's coins."
[ James Pollock, Pennsylvania Governor (1855-1858) / American Missionary Fellowship’s Vice President (1855-1890) http://www.americanmissionary.org/anonftp/pub/copyadpdfs/3MayJunPollockred.pdf/ ]
Source:
All About History: In God We Trust - More Than A Motto?
http://www.allabouthistory.org/in-god-we-trust.htm "Use of the national motto 'In God We Trust' on coins continued from 1864 up to 1907. .... President Theodore Roosevelt had commissioned Saint-Gaudens [1848–1907] to design the new coins ... The new eagles and double eagles did not include the motto 'In God We Trust' in their design. Public outcry for the motto’s restoration arose soon after the new coins’ release. ... Responding to increasing public demand, Congress did pass legislation requiring the use of the phrase 'In God We Trust' on all coins which had previously borne the motto. ...President Roosevelt signed the new law of May 18, 1908, and 'In God We Trust' was restored to the coins."
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Controversy Over Motto's USE
National Legal Foundation: "In God We Trust" http://www.nlf.net/Activities/briefings/in_god_we_trust.htm In 1907 Theodore D. Roosevelt wrote: "... To a clergyman who had differed with him about placing 'In God We Trust' on the new coinage...
"My own feeling in the matter is due to my very firm conviction that to put such a motto on coins, or to use it in any kindred manner, not only does no good but does positive harm, and is in effect irreverence which comes dangerously close to sacrilege. A beautiful and solemn sentence such as the one in question should be treated and uttered only with that fine reverence which necessarily implies a certain exaltation of spirit.
Any use which tends to cheapen it, and above all, any use which tends to secure its being treated in a spirit of levity, is from every standpoint profoundly to be regretted. It is a motto which it is indeed well to have inscribed on our great national monuments, in our temples of justice, in our legislative halls, and in buildings such as those at West Point and Annapolis —in short wherever it will tend to arouse and inspire a lofty emotion in those who look thereon. But it seems to me eminently unwise to cheapen such a motto by use on coins, just as it would be to cheapen it by use on postage stamps, or in advertisements.
"As regards its use on the coinage we have actual experience by which to go. In all my life I have never heard any human being speak reverently of this motto on the coins or show any sign of its having appealed to any high emotion in him. But I have literally hundreds of times heard it used as an occasion of, and incitement to, the sneering ridicule which it is above all things undesirable that so beautiful and exalted a phrase should excite.
For example, throughout the long contest, extending over several decades, on the free coinage question, the existence of this motto on the coins was a constant source of jest and ridicule; and this was unavoidable. Every one must remember the innumerable cartoons and articles based on phrases like 'In God we trust for the other eight cents'; 'In God we trust for the short weight'; 'In God we trust for the thirty-seven cents we do not pay'; and so forth, and so forth. Surely I am well within bounds when I say that a use of the phrase which invites constant levity of this type is most undesirable. "
Source:
Theodore Roosevelt and His Time Shown in His Own Letters
By Joseph Bucklin Bishop, Vol. I, Chapter VI Letters on Many Subjects..."In God We Trust" New York, Charles Scribner's 1920 [ Joseph Bucklin Bishop, Editor Of "theodore Roosevelt's Letters To His Children" Author Of "the Panama Gateway," ] [ Google Books - page 71 ] http://books.google.com/books?id=eWcaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=toc&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA71,M1 In 1913 Theodore D. Roosevelt wrote:
"... certain things were done of which the economic bearing was more remote, but which bore directly upon our welfare, because they add to the beauty of living and therefore to the joy of life. Securing a great artist, Saint-Gaudens, to give us the most beautiful coinage since the decay of Hellenistic Greece was one such act. In this case I had power myself to direct the Mint to employ Saint-Gaudens. The first, and most beautiful, of his coins were issued in thousands before Congress assembled or could intervene; and a great and permanent improvement was made in the beauty of the coinage."
Source:
Chapter XI The Natural Resources of The Nation
Theodore Roosevelt; An Autobiography by Theodore Roosevelt (Bartleby.com) http://www.bartleby.com/55/11.html New York Times Articles:
Washington, Nov. 6. 1907 —Trouble is ahead for Uncle Sam. He has failed to put upon the new ten-dollar gold coin the Motto "In God We Trust." ... the two designs being the work of the late Augustus Saint-Gaudens. ...But with all the artistic designs the new coins does not contain the motto which from the beginning has been engraved upon every coin of the Republic of a denomination larger that the dine. The Director of the Mint, Mr. Leach, is hourly expecting protest from all over the county as soon as the church organizations have a chance to meet and formulate the resolutions.
NEW EAGLES LACK MOTTO.; " In God We Trust" Does Not Appear on Saint-Gaudens Coins.
Special to The New York Times, November 7, 1907 (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E0DE6D9103EE033A25754C0A9679D946697D6CF/) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/dheyvv / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/dheyvv 1) WASHINGTON, Nov. 13 1907. —In answer to one of the numerous protests which have been received at the White House against the new gold coin which have been coined without the words "In God We Trust," President Roosevelt has written a letter, which he to-day made public.
ROOSEVELT DROPPED 'IN GOD WE TRUST'; President
Says Such a Motto on Coin Is Irreverence, Close to Sacrilege. NO LAW COMMANDS ITS USE He Trusts Congress Will Not Direct Him to Replace the Exalted Phrase That Invited Constant Levity. 2) Nov. 13, 1907 —Episcopal Diocesan Convention, Synod House of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine ...The Rev. W.M. Grosvenor of the Church of the Incarnation offered the following: Whereas, It has been announced that in the coining of certain pieces of the money of the United States there has been omitted the words used from the foundation of the Republic, "In God We Trust"; therefore, be it Resolved, that this convention protest against such change..."
DENOUNCE COIN MOTTO ORDER.
Episcopal Convention Votes. 131 to 81, to retain "In God We Trust." [Published New York Times, Nov. 14, 1907 - PDF]
(http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9406E2D8103EE033A25757C1A9679D946697D6CF/) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/ddy7f2 / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/ddy7f2 Nov 16. 1907 —"This custom of putting the motto on coins certainly did not grow up without legal warrant...."This a brief history of the Motto 'In God we trust,' as shown by the record of the department." ... As will be seen, the Director of the Mint, no longer than 1896, belived that there was legal warrant for putting this motto on the coins."
[ *** Elmer H. Youngman's history of the on coins of the United States inscription 'In God We Trust' --- Re. President Roosevelt reason for omission of motto, 'In God We Trust, from coins ---- includes full/partial letters/details of: twenty-fourth annual report of the Director of the Mint---letters of Rev. M.R. Watkinon, minister of the gospel, Ridleyville, Penn, Hon. SP Chase, secretary of the Treasury, James Pollock Pollock, Esq., Director of the Mint, Philadelphia, Penn --- Section 5 of act of March 3, 1865, Section 18 of Act of Feb. 12, 1873 ---- Coin Mottoes designs---Acts for Dec 1863, April 1864 - March 1865/latter part of 1865, Feb 1878 ]
"IN GOD WE TRUST."; Editor Youngman Finds Legal
Warrant for Putting It on Coins. Elmer H. Youngman, Editor Bankers's Magazine NY [New York Times Published Nov. 1907 - PDF] (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9806EFD8103EE033A25756C1A9679D946697D6CF/) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/c4pcty / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/c4pcty MINELOLA, L. I., Nov. 15. 1907 —The Right Rev. Frederick Burgress, Episopal Bishop of Long Island, declared to-day that President Roosevelt did wrong in eliminatiing the motto, "In God We Trust," from the new ten-dollar gold pieces, but defended him by sayng the he was actuated by the highest motives of reverence.
THINKS ROOSEVELT MISTAKEN; Time to Keep "In God We Trust"
on Our Coins, Says Bishop Burgess. [ Special to The New York Times - Published Nov. 16, 1907 - PDF ] (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B00EED8103EE033A25755C1A9679D946697D6CF/) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/d43bso / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/d43bso Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov 14, 1907 —"The Presbyterian Brotherhood of American regrets that the words 'In God We Trust' have been omitted from the coins of the United States, and earnestly hopes that Congress with take prompt action to restore them."
[ Annual Convetion Presbyterian Brotherhood of American Resoultion, 1907 ]
WANT MOTTO ON COINS; Presbyterians Hope
Congress Will Restore "In God We Trust." (Special to The New York Times, Published Nov. 15, 1907 - PDF) (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9801E0D8103EE033A25756C1A9679D946697D6CF/) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/cbwnu7 / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/cbwnu7 "My mother taught me to look for the motto 'In God we trust,' on the coins of our country... and when the President announced his new order of effacing the inscription from the coins I swore I would take no money that did not bear the old motto."
—Rev. Dr. W. A. Jones, pastor of Knoxville Presbyterian Church,
Dec. 25, 1907 speech to his congregation REFUSED "GODLESS" COINS.; Pittsburg Pastor Declined Pittsburg Pastor Declined Gift of New Gold Piece Without Motto. [ Special to The New York Times - Published Dec, 26, 1907 - PDF ] (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9E0CE7DA173EE033A25755C2A9649D946697D6CF) TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/cpoc37 / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/cpoc37 May 20 , 1908 —President Roosevelt has signed the bill directing the restoration to gold and silver coins of the motto "In God We Trust" ... The new law will become effective thirty days from May
"IN GOD WE TRUST" AGAIN.; President Signs Bill
Restoring the Motto to Gold and Silver Coins. New York Times Published May 21, 1908 (http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9403E2D9143EE233A25752C2A9639C946997D6CF/) TinyURL http://tinyurl.com/d3elck / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/d3elck "The American people...adopted The Star-Spangled Banner as the song to be sung on patriotic occasions. The greatest boost came during the Civil War when it was sung by Union troops. Later the Army required that it be played each day at flag lowering. The Navy ordered it played at morning and evening colors. In 1916 President Woodrow Wilson declared it the Armed Forces' official anthem."
Source:
HMdb org: The Star-Spangled Banner
Historical Marker Database http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=121 "During World War I [ 1914-1918 ], a drive began in Congress to make it the official anthem of America’s armed forces. There were other contenders for the title, including 'America the Beautiful' and 'Yankee Doodle.'"
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U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: The Star-Spangled Banner
http://www1.va.gov/opa/feature/celebrate/ssbanner.asp "In 1917, both the army and the navy designated the song the 'national anthem' for ceremonial purposes. Meanwhile, patriotic organizations had launched a campaign to have Congress recognize 'The Star-Spangled Banner' as the U.S. national anthem. After several decades of attempts, a bill making 'The Star-Spangled Banner' our official national anthem was finally passed by Congress and signed into law by President Herbert Hoover on March 3, 1931."
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Smithsonian Encyclopedia: Star-Spangled Banner and the War of 1812
http://www.si.edu/encyclopedia_si/nmah/starflag.htm "The flag folding ceremony represents the same religious principles on which our great country was originally founded....When the flag is completely folded, the stars are uppermost, reminding us of our national motto, 'In God We Trust.'
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American Legion Online: 'In God We Trust'
Flag Folding - Procedures and Symbols http://www.legion.org/national/americanflag/folding "During his [ Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States ] administration... [ in 1956 ] Congress adopted 'In God We Trust' as our national motto. As president Eisenhower spoke many times about the importance of religious faith as an 'essential foundation stone' for democracy...He expressed the belief the man was a spiritual being and the God was 'the author of individual rights.'"
Source:
A Guide to Historical Holdings in
The Dwight D. Eisenhower Library Eisenhower and Religion Compiled by Herbert Pankratz, July 2001 [ PDF] (http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/Research/Subject_Guides/PDFs/Eisenhower_and_religion.pdf/) [ Google html versions of documents ] TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/c5gwee / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/c5gwee "In 1956, Congress passed a Joint Resolution declaring 'In God We Trust' to be the national motto of the United States. At the time, Rep. Charles Bennett succinctly explained the purpose behind the Resolution:
As long as this country trusts in God, it will prevail. To serve as a constant reminder of this truth, it is highly desirable that our currency and coins should bear these inspiring words: 'In God We Trust.'
The motto has been displayed in the corridors of government power and on the currency of the country ever since."
Source:
The Motto Matters By Judge Roy Moore,
Chairman of the Foundation for Moral Law, WorldNetDaily, 2006)
http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?pageId=39063 "In October 1957, $1 silver certificates bearing the motto, 'In God We Trust,' were first placed in circulation. The suggestion to include the motto on U.S. paper currency was presented to the Secretary of the Treasury George W. Humphrey in November of 1953 by Matthew H. Rothert of Camden [ Ouachita County, Arkansas ] . ...He thought...a message about the country's faith in God could be easily carried throughout the world if it were on United States paper currency."
Source:
Coin World: About Paper Money - Features of current U.S. paper money
http://www.coinworld.com/NewCollector/PaperMoney/Features.aspx "In Aronow v United States (9th cir. 1970) the appeals court concluded that that the national motto 'has nothing whatsoever to do with the establishment of religion. Its use is of a patriotic or ceremonial character and bears no true resemblance to a governmental sponsorship of a religious exercise.'"
Source:
In God We Trust - Protecting Our National Motto
By Jay Sekulow (American Center for Law and Justice - News, 04/2006) http://www.aclj.org/News/Read.aspx?ID=2201 "The phrase 'In God We Trust' has had great historic and symbolic significance for America, not only during the past fifty years, but since the birth of the nation. It is important that we reaffirm 'In God We Trust' as our national motto, especially now when references to God in the public square continue to be groundlessly challenged."
— Sam Brownback, U.S. Senator (R-KS), '06
Source:
Brownback Applauds Commemoration of "In God We Trust"
Resolution celebrates 50th anniversary of national motto (Sam Brownback United States Senator Kansas News Release, 07/13/2006) [ S.Con.Res. 96 ] http://brownback.senate.gov/pressapp/record.cfm?id=258578 “As we mark the 50th anniversary of the official adoption of ‘In God We Trust’ as our national motto, we should recognize the past and future role of America’s reliance on divine providence and fight attempts to remove God from the public square. ...Since the beginning of our nation, America’s citizens have acknowledged how God is very much a part of the founding principles and traditions of our democracy. As stated in the Declaration of Independence, God created man with unalienable rights that civil government is charged to protect.”
—Sam Brownback, U.S. Senator (R-KS), '06
“An abiding faith in the Creator has helped to shape our country from its very beginning. The Founders of this great land relied on that faith for strength at the most difficult times in their struggle for freedom. As our nation’s motto shows, moral principles have shaped what America is today, and they should guide what America will be in the days and years to come.”
—Robert Byrd, U.S. Senator (D-WV), '06
Source:
Brownback, Byrd Commemorate "In God We Trust"
Introduced resolution marking 50th anniversary of national motto (Sam Brownback United States Senator Kansas News Release, 05/24/2006) [ S. Con. Res. 96 ] http://brownback.senate.gov/pressapp/record.cfm?id=256043 Library of Congress - Thomas Home: S.Con. Res.96
Title: A concurrent resolution to commemorate, celebrate, and reaffirm the national motto of the United States on the 50thanniversary of its formal adoption. Sponsor: Sen Brownback, Sam [KS] (introduced 5/23/2006) Latest Major Action: 7/13/2006 Referred to House committee. Status: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:s.con.res.00096: "And give him no rest, till he establish, and till he make Jerusalem a praise in the earth." Isa 62:7
"America’s Motto Crusade - Join together a team of Christian believers of all ages and faith backgrounds to work together in declaring our national motto, 'In God we Trust' over American airwaves by promoting the singing of the 4th verse of the Star Spangled Banner (SSB 4th) wherever the 1st verse is traditionally sung. ...As people become aware of the Isaiah 62:7 prayer crusade they will also be informed as to the mission of the singing of the 4th verse of the Star Spangled Banner. The ministry mission of declaring America’s national motto 'In God we Trust' through the singing of the 4th verse of the Star Spangled Banner will inform people as to the crusade of praying Isaiah 62:7 for America’s restoration."
Source:
David Vesely Ministry: The Taking America Back
http://www.dvmin.org/615.html GoPetition: America's Motto Crusade - In God we Trust
Published by David Vesely, April 17, 2009 http://gopetition.com/petitions/americas-motto-crusade.html Visit:
Source:
High school district considers 'God' motto
KHSD trustee says students don't have to believe in God By Jessica Logan (Bakersfield Californian, Sep 30 2007) http://www.bakersfield.com/hourly_news/story/249302.html
Source:
Councilwoman: U.S. Mint has disgraced Americ
(Bakersfield Californian - Hot Letters, 09/18/2007) http://people.bakersfield.com/home/Blog/hotletters/14794
Source: God and country in Bakersfield - California Bible Belt's
capital embraces 'In God We Trust' motto, stirring controversy and reinforcing stereotypesBy Erin Hallissy (San Francisco Chronicle, 07/30/2002) http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/07/30/MN127960.DTL Visit:
In God We Trust America
Promotes Patriotism By Encouraging Elected City Officials to Display Our National Motto 'In God We Trust' In Every City Hall In America. http://www.ingodwetrust-america.org "In November 1861, as the nation was facing the prospect of a long and bloody civil war, a lone preacher from Ridleyville, Pennsylvania, wrote to Treasury Secretary Salmon P. Chase about an idea. The Reverend M. R. Watkinson proposed that America's currency be used to remind its citizens of our common religious heritage and the divine inspiration that gave birth to United States. Secretary Chase agreed, and in 1864, 'In God We Trust' was added to the design of the two cent coin. ...
Secretary Chase and the Reverend M. R. Watkinson realized that the true strength of the United States was its unique commitment to being 'One nation, under God.' But today, some are determined to subvert religious expression and undermine our common heritage and national unity. ...One hundred fifty years ago, America faced a great challenge, and our leaders rose to the occasion by placing their faith and the fate of their nation in God's hands. Will our leaders do the same today? "
—Rt. Rev. Council Nedd II, Chairman of In God We Trust
and Executive Director and founding board member of Alliance for Health, Education, and Development
Source:
In Times of Crisis It's America's Heritage
That Has Held Our Nation Together By Council Nedd II (BlogSpot, Out of the Ordinary, 2007) http://itsoutoftheordinary.blogspot.com/2007/10/in-times-of-crisis-its-americas.html Visit: In God We Trust
To fight back against the radical, God-hating left Rt. Rev. Council Nedd II, Chairman http://www.ingodwetrustusa.org Watch:
YouTube: ABCTV23: Chad Vegas Discusses In God We Trust Proposal [ KCHD Trustee Chad Vegas discusses his 'In God We Trust' Proposal at ABC23 Studios ] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwB2Uwqi7-g YouTube - Howard128eM: In God We Trust
[ In God We Trust ... It is on every coin, a In God Is Our Trust and the National Anthem
YouTube: PastorJud [ In God We Trust, can be found in
our National Anthem in the 4th verse ]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-2zYyf2hTs In God We Still Trust - Diamond Reo
YouTube: ClearwaterMail http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3idz_L1nsrE Francis Scott Key - A short documentary
YouTube: RockbridgeAcademy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHTIyg8Pg5M YouTube - BereanBeacon: Story Of The Star-Spangled Banner
By David C. Gibbs, Christian Law Association http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgePDkYbDHM YouTube: KurtCobain6: US National Anthem
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4UaVJhT008 Listen:
Internet Archive: Margaret Woodrow Wilson - The Star Spangled Banner 1915
Audio Archive - 78 RPMs & Cylinder Recordings http://www.archive.org/details/MargaretWoodrowWilson-TheStarSpangledBanner1915
Star-Spangled Banner Sung By Thomas Chalmers, 1914
Library of Congress - Sound Recording - Play MP3/RealMedia Related Posts:
Truth Point: Research - U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3504.entry Truth Point: 1st First Amendment: Separation of Church and State
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3412.entry 1st Amendment - Separation of Church and State1st Amendment: Separation of Church and State
"The Founding Fathers expressed in words for all to read the ideal of Government based upon the dignity of the individual. That ideal previously had existed only in the hearts and minds of men. They produced the timeless documents upon which the Nation is founded and has grown great. They, recognizing God as the author of individual rights, declared that the purpose of Government is to secure those rights.
...Without God, there could be no American form of Government, nor an American way of life. Recognition of the Supreme Being is the first-the most basic-expression of Americanism. Thus the Founding Fathers saw it, and thus, with God's help, it will continue to be."
—Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States
Remarks Recorded for the "Back-to-God" Program of the American Legion,
February 20, 1955 Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/c99lzo / TinyURL Preview: http://preview.tinyurl.com/c99lzo "The Founding Fathers stressed the need for religion as the basis of morality. The first amendment is not about repressing religion. The first amendment is a footnote about what the federal government cannot do respecting religion, and insisting that the biggest thing government and society cannot due is inhibit the free practice of religion."
Source:
The True Intent Of The Founding Fathers
With Regard To Separation of Church and State (Admiral Jeremiah Denton Foundation) http://www.dentonfoundation.org/churchandstate.html "A key deceptive ploy of the revisionists is their having invented a false name for the First Amendment to the Constitution. They named it the 'Separation Clause'. That reference is invalid and is the effort to plant the central seed of the Big Lie. The Revisionist's basic strategy consists in implanting the false impression that our founding fathers, through the First Amendment, were establishing that our governmental system cared nothing about religion and that there would be a wall separating the two. Not only a lie, that impression is the opposite of the truth about the most important feature of the foundation of our government, the feature which is the secret of such success as we have achieved as a nation."
Source:
Truth Capsule #3 - PDF: The Truth about The First Amendment,
By Jeremiah Denton, Truth Capsule Series (http://www.dentonfoundation.org/resources/Truth+Capsule+Three.pdf/) "The establishment clause ('Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion... ') protects us from the evils of state-mandated religion. The free-exercise clause ('...or prohibiting the free exercise thereof...') guarantees our right to practice the religion of our choice. These two clauses, taken together or separately, do not authorize our courts to remove religious symbols from public display. They do not prohibit the public utterance of religious convictions. They do not justify monetary gain by those who are 'offended' by such religious expression. The establishment and free-exercise clauses do not imply a complete separation of church from state; that arrangement certainly did not exist when the Constitutionwas ratified in 1787."
Source:
Tale of Two Clauses National Commander David K. Rehbein, (Commanders Message, American Legion Online 12/01/2008) http://www.legion.org/magazine/1941/tale-two-clauses "The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits laws 'respecting an establishment of religion' but it does not prohibit religious displays—Ten Commandments displays, crosses, Stars of David, nativity scenes, etc.—on public property. The primary reason there is a public discussion about religious symbols in public places is that various courts have for the past several decades ordered some of these symbols or displays (but not all) off public grounds as a constitutional violation."
Source:
The U.S. Constitution Allows Religious Symbols on Public Property
(Foundation for Moral Law, Opposing Views com) http://www.opposingviews.com/arguments/the-us-constitution-allows-religious-symbols-on-public-property Censoring Symbols from Public Creates Less Freedom & Official Atheism
(Foundation for Moral Law, Opposing Views com) http://www.opposingviews.com/arguments/censoring-symbols-from-public-creates-less-freedom-official-atheism Most Americans Support the Posting of Religious Symbols in Public
(Foundation for Moral Law, Opposing Views com) http://www.opposingviews.com/arguments/most-americans-support-the-posting-of-religious-symbols-in-public Symbols Should be Displayed Whether Purpose is Secular or Religious
(Foundation for Moral Law, Opposing Views com) http://www.opposingviews.com/arguments/symbols-should-be-displayed-whether-purpose-is-secular-or-religious Foundation for Moral Law: America Acknowledges God [ Examples throughout the nation's history in which government and its officials acknowledge God to be the cornerstone of our laws, liberty, and government. ] http://www.morallaw.org/America_Acknowledges_God.html "Thomas Jefferson...coined the wall of separation phrase. While Jefferson was correct in arguing that churches should not interfere in the workings of government, he did not intend to seal religion off hermetically from public life. In fact, Jefferson was a religious person who on two separate occasions--once while President--reduced the New Testament to include what he believed were the true teachings of Jesus (absent the virgin birth and the miracles). Jefferson's conclusion was that Jesus' teachings were 'the most sublime and benevolent code of morals which has ever been offered to man.'"
Source:
Why Is Religion Taboo in American Schools?
By John W. Whitehead (Rutherford Institute, 02/19/2009) http://www.rutherford.org/articles_db/commentary.asp?record_id=579 "It is true that Thomas Jefferson penned the phrase 'a wall of separation between Church and State,' in reply to a letter sent to him by a Baptist association from Danbury Connecticut. Yet unless we understand why the Danbury Baptists wrote the letter, and what Jefferson meant by the controversial phrase, we can never hope to understand the meaning and the intent of the First Amendment of our Constitution."
Source:
Properly understanding separation of Church and State
By Robert Meyer (RenewAmerica, 02/15/2004) http://www.renewamerica.us/columns/meyer/040215 "America's founders did not intend for there to be a separation of God and state, as shown by the fact that all 50 states acknowledged God in their state constitutions."
Source: Separation of God and state? By William J. Federer
(WorldNetDaily, Oct. 11, 2003) http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=35035 Watch:
Research:
GovTrack - H. Res. 888 110th Congress: Affirming the
rich spiritual and religious history of our Nation's founding and subsequent history and expressing support for designation ofthe first week in May as "American Religious History Week" for the appreciation of and education on America's history of religious faith Introduced Dec 18, 2007 - Sponsor: Rep. James Forbes [R-VA] http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=hr110-888 Myth #1: Jefferson's letter to the Danbury Baptists
is the basis for separation of church and state No official government document by the founding fathers refers to separation of church and state Research by David Barton, founder of Wallbuilders (The Young Earth Creation Club) http://www.creationists.org/churchandstate.html Let’s Look at What Some of the Founders Wrote By Dr. Paul S. Vickery
History Prof., Oral Roberts University (Opposing Views) http://www.opposingviews.com/arguments/lets-look-at-what-some-of-the-founders-wrote The Separation of Church and State
By David Barton (WallBuilders, 2001) http://www.wallbuilders.com/LIBissuesArticles.asp?id=123 “One nation under God” By Joseph R. Larson
(Restoring America, 2001) http://www.restoringamerica.org/one_nation_under_god.htm When Did the U.S. Government Pass a Law
Dictating the Separation of Church and State Christiananswers.net: Where Can this law Be Found?
http://www.christiananswers.net/q-wall/wal-g004.html The Separation of Church and State
(Focus on the Family, Social Issues, Law and the Courts) http://www.focusonthefamily.com/socialissues/law_and_the_courts/separation_church_state.asp In God We Trust - PDF: Report on School Prayer
Rt. Rev. Council Nedd II, National Chairman [ History and current status of voluntary prayer in public schools ] (http://www.ingodwetrustusa.org/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/schoolprayer.pdf/) Related Post:
Truth Point 1st Amendment: U.S. National Motto History - 'In God We Trust'
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3413.entry 1st Amendment: 10 Commandments Monument Case - Pleasant Grove City v. Summum1st Amendment: 10 Commandments Monument Case - Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
Case: Pleasant Grove City, UT, et al v. Summum
U.S. Supreme Court News - On the Docket: Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum
http://www.onthedocket.org/cases/2008/pleasant-grove-city-utah-v-summum First Amendment Center: Pleasant Grove City, UT, et al v. Summum
(docket #: 07-665 --- 2008) http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/faclibrary/case.aspx?case=Pleasant_Grove_City_UT_et_al_v_Summum Scotus Wiki: Pleasant Grove City, UT v. Summum http://www.scotuswiki.com/index.php?title=Pleasant_Grove_City%2C_UT_v._Summum "The American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars and the Military Order of the Purple Heart - spoke at a news conference at the National Press Club to highlight Pleasant Grove City v. Summum, an historic case that impacts war memorials across the country. ...A coalition of the six largest veterans groups, representing more than 4 million members, filed an amicus brief in the case petitioning the Supreme Court to save war memorials. Amici include The American Legion, [ Veterans of Foreign Wars - VFW ], [ Military Order of the Purple Heart - MOPH ], the Non-Commissioned Officers Association, Veterans of the Vietnam War/Veterans Coalition, and American Ex-Prisoners of War."
Source:
Groups Ask U.S. Supreme Court to Save Memorials
(American Legion Online 11/20/2008) http://www.legion.org/onlineupdate/1929/groups-ask-us-supreme-court-save-memorials "If this [ Pleasant Grove City v. Summum ] ruling stands, any city or government that has accepted a donated monument will now be forced to accept any other monument, or be compelled to remove all monuments..."
—Jerry Manar, Esq., Deputy director of National Veterans Service Program of Veterans of Foreign War
Watch: YouTube- VFWVids: History of the VFW
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVascCSOqAA "To tear down memorials honoring so many soldiers would be terrible...It impacts not just the men and women who wore the uniform, it also impacts their fathers, mothers, spouses, and children."
—Jim Sims, National Senior-Vice Vommander of Military Order of the Purple Heart
Watch: MOPH Pledge of Allegiance
YouTube: mophpublicrelations Military Order of the Purple Heart http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvozEcK6xFM Source:
Controversy Over War Memorials
Veterans Groups Ask U.S. Supreme Court to Save Memorials (PRNewswire-USNewswire via COMTEX, Posted on Veterans of Foreign War, 11/11/2008 [ American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Military Order of the Purple Heart Nov. 2008 news conference at National Press Club ]
http://www.vfw.org/index.cfm?fa=news.newsDtl&did=4821&tok=1 ".. the Supreme Court of the United States...issued a landmark First Amendment ruling clearing the way for governments to accept permanent monuments of their choosing in public parks. The decision comes in the case of Pleasant Grove City v. Summum ... The decision gives government the right to speak for itself and the ability to communicate on behalf of its citizens. It’s significant decision that clears the way for government to express its views and its history through the selection of monuments – including religious monuments and displays. This decision also puts a bookend on the litigation surrounding the display of the Ten Commandments that’s been taking place for years across the country."
—Jay Sekulow, American Center for Law and Justice Chief Counsel
Supreme Court Win Today in Pleasant Grove, 9-0
Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook American Center for Law and Justice, 02/25/2009) http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=741 "The Supreme Court today heard oral arguments in Pleasant Grove City v. Summum (No. 07-665) - a First Amendment case that could force cities nationwide to either to dismantle a host of monuments, memorials, and other displays, including long standing patriotic and historical displays, or else let all comers install privately owned monuments or displays, regardless of content.
ACLJ Chief Counsel Jay Sekulow presented oral arguments before the high court on behalf of Pleasant Grove City, UT, which accepted and displayed a donated monument of the Ten Commandments by the Fraternal Order of Eagles nearly 40 years - a case that hinges on sound precedent involving the well-established distinction between government speech and private speech."
Source:
Opening Brief Filed in Supreme Court “Monumental” First Amendment Case
(American Center for Law and Justice - In The News, 11/12/2008) http://www.aclj.org/News/Read.aspx?ID=3112 ACLJ Files Opening Brief in Supreme Court
"Monumental" First Amendment Case; At Issue: Protecting Nation's Heritage Displayed in America's Cities (American Center for Law and Justice - In The News, 06/16/2008) [ Case: Pleasant Grove City v. Summum - No. 07-665 ] http://www.aclj.org/News/Read.aspx?id=3001 Lively Arguments at the Supreme Court
Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 11/13/2008 (American Center for Law and Justice) [ Pleasant Grove City v. Summum No. 07-665 ] http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=691 Supreme Court Urged to Protect Nation’s Heritage Displayed in America’s Cities in First Amendment Case Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 11/12/2008 American Center for Law and Justice [ Pleasant Grove City v. Summum No. 07-665 ] http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=690 ACLJ's Final Brief Filed in Supreme Court Case
- Numerous Organizations Support ACLJ Position Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook, 09/15/2008 American Center for Law and Justice [ Case: Pleasant Grove City v. Summum No. 07-665 ] http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=669 Opening Brief Filed in Supreme Court
“Monumental” First Amendment Case ACLJ - Jay Sekulow's Trial Notebook (American Center for Law and Justice, 06/17/2008) [ Case: Pleasant Grove City v. Summum No. 07-665 ] http://www.aclj.org/TrialNotebook/Read.aspx?id=640
American Center for Law and Justice (ACLJ) Dedicated to the ideal that religious freedom and freedom of speech are inalienable, God-given rights. http://www.aclj.org
"The American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, the world’s two largest veteran service organizations and a number of other leading veteran’s groups just filed an amicus brief defending veteran’s memorials in the case of Pleasant Grove City et al. v Summum (No. 07-665) before the United States Supreme Court. Petitioners on the brief include a the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, The Military Order of the Purple Heart, Inc., The Non-Commissioned Officers Association, Veterans of the Vietnam War, Inc., and The Veterans Coalition.... The case, Pleasant Grove et al. v Summum arose when the religious group Summum sued the City of Pleasant Grove, Utah for refusing to erect a monument bearing the seven aphorisms of the group in a public park. The organization argued that the City violated its First Amendment Freedoms.
In a dangerous ruling, the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of Summum, adopting the argument that the presence of any donated monument creates a public forum that then requires the acceptance of any other permanent monument.'"
Source:
Veterans Ask Supreme Court
to Save Memorials in Historic Brief Liberty Legal Institute, Press Release, 06/24/2008) http://www.libertylegal.org/Media_Archives_2008archives_summumbrief.aspx Liberty Legal Institute Protect religious freedoms and First Amendment rights for individuals, groups and churches
http://www.libertylegal.org Watch:
YouTube - freemarketfoundation: Veterans Memorials
[ Military Order of the Purple Heart National Judge Advocate Veteran Dan Murphy and Liberty' Legal's Chief Counsel Kelly Shackelford discuss attack on our nation's war memorials "Former Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore and attorneys with the Foundation for Moral Law, together with the together with the National Clergy Council and Faith and Action in the Nation's Capital, filed a joint amicus curiae brief [ case, Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum ] ... in the United States Supreme Court arguing that the Summum group does not have a right under the First Amendment's Free Speech Clause to demand that Pleasant Grove City, Utah, install a 'Seven Aphorisms' monument in a city park that contains a 37-year-old Ten Commandments monument....The First Amendment's Free Speech Clause requires that 'Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech.'..."
Source:
Judge Roy Moore, Foundation for Moral Law,
National Clergy Council, and Faith and Action File Joint Brief in U.S. Supreme Court Defending Utah City’s Refusal to Install 'Seven Aphorisms' Monument in City Park Containing Ten Commandments Monument (Foundation for Moral Law, June 23, 2008) http://www.morallaw.org/archive20080623.htm
Source: Tangled web of court deception
By Judge Roy Moore is the chairman of the Foundation for Moral Law (WorldNetDaily June 25, 2008) http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=67931 Foundation for Moral Law
Exists to restore the knowledge of God in law and government and to acknowledge and defend the truth that man is endowed with rights, not by our fellow man, but by God! http://www.morallaw.org Rutherford Institute's Position:
“If the City is left free to use a private surrogate to advance a particularly favored message,” the brief argues, “the shield of democratic accountability that otherwise underpins the government speech doctrine actually serves as a means of unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination." Source:
Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum
Rutherford Institute - Legal Feature, 08/04/2008 [ Rutherford Institute has filed an amicus brief in support of Summum ] http://www.rutherford.org/articles_db/legal_features.asp?article_id=175 The Rutherford Institute
A civil liberties organization, founded by constitutional attorney and author John W. Whitehead http://www.rutherford.org "The Rutherford Institute actually has a cert petition [ Petition for Writ of Certiorari - informally called 'Cert Petition' ] pending in one of these cases. The institute filed it on behalf of a city councilmen [ Rev. Hashmel Turner ] who claimed a constitutional right to refer to Jesus Christ in his legislative prayers. When Summum (probably) loses, the resulting decision will likely bury the councilman's claim. That's, in part, what the Rutherford Institute is concerned about."
Source:
The Weird Lineup in Pleasant Grove v. Summum
Prawfs Legal Commentary, Nov. 12, 2008 http://www.uslaw.com/library/Legal_Commentary/Weird_Lineup_Pleasant_Grove_v_Summum.php?item=295586 See:
Three Words Worth Fighting For By John W. Whitehead
(Rutherford Institute, 03/13/2006) [ Hashmel Turner, Fredericksburg, Virginia ] http://www.rutherford.org/articles_db/commentary.asp?record_id=393 Rutherford Institute - Key Case: Hashmel Turner
[ 1st Amendment lawsuit against City Council of Fredericksburg, Va., for adopting a prayer policy that discriminates against the rights of city council member Rev. Hashmel Turner to offer prayers according to his conscience before council meetings. ] http://www.rutherford.org/KeyCases/Turner.asp Turner v. City Council of the City of Fredericksburg, Va.,
U.S. Court of Appeals for the 4th Cir. 2007 Year-End Review: TRI Legal Developments (The Rutherford Institute, 12/14/2007) http://www.rutherford.org/articles_db/legal_features.asp?article_id=172 In The Supreme Court of the United States
Hashmel C. Turner, Jr., Petitioner V. The City of City Council of Fredericksburg, Virginia (The Rutherford Institute) (http://www.rutherford.org/pdf/Conrod-Turner-ret-pet-all-cp.pdf/) Research:
Briefs filed (thus far) in Pleasant Grove City v. Summum (Updated)
(Blog: Melissa Rogers, June 23, 2008) [ Melissa Rogers serves as visiting professor of religion and public policy at Wake Forest University Divinity School. She previously served as the executive director of the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life in Wash., D.C. ] http://melissarogers.typepad.com/melissa_rogers/2008/06/briefs-filed-with-supreme-court-in-pleasant-grove-city-v-summum.html Deseret News Coverage - Pleasant Grove, Utah County, Utah: 2005-09 [ A few selections ]
U.S. Supreme Court sides with Pleasant Grove
By Ben Winslow (Deseret News, Feb. 25, 2009) http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,700235329,00.html Pleasant Grove Ten Commandments Case
Court Gets Brief on Pleasant Grove tablets (Deseret News - Salt Lake, Utah, 06/17/2008) http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,700235329,00.html Fringe sect's lawsuit delays monument to fallen WWII soldiers
By Trish Choate Scripps Howard News Service (Deseret News - Salt Lake, Utah, 05/07/2008) http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695277331,00.html Justices to hear Pleasant Grove tablets case:
Top court to decide city's monument dispute By Catherine Smith and Pete Yost (Deseret Morning News, AP - Salt Lake, Utah, 04/01/2008) http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695266398,00.html%3Fpg%3D2 Supreme Court takes Utah case involving religious monument
By Pete Yost (Deseret News, AP - Salt Lake, Utah, 03/31/2008) http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695266225,00.html Summum May Display Aphorisms
By Amy Choate-Nielsen (Deseret Morning News - Salt Lake, Utah, 04/21/2007) http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,660213818,00.html Judge denies a motion on Summum display
Religious group's battle likely to face a bench trial By Geoffrey Fattah (Deseret Morning News, 02/02/2006) http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,635180958,00.html Group wants court order dealing with Pleasant Grove park
By Geoffrey Fattah (Deseret Morning News , 01/31/2006) http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,635180745,00.html Pleasant Grove under siege over 10 Commandments
2 organizations now have cases pending By J.G. Askar (Deseret Morning News - Salt Lake, Utah, 08/05/2005) http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,600153610,00.html Related Truth Point Posts:
1st Amendment Case - Salazar v. Buono - Mojave Desert Cross
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3502.entry 1st Amendment Case - Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial Cross
http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3501.entry 1st Amendment: Separation of Church and State http://truthpoint.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3E1C89D2FC2BD759!3412.entry |
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